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From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *dol- (“calculation, fraud”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale.
Alternate etymology derives Old English toll, from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).
toll (plural tolls)
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toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)
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Probably the same as Etymology 3. Possibly related to or influenced by toil
toll (plural tolls)
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toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)
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A tolling bell refers to a slow sound, as at a funeral, while the tocsin refers to a fast sound, as in alarm.
From Middle English tolen, tollen, variation of tullen, tillen (“to draw, allure, entice”), from Old English *tyllan, *tillan (“to pull, draw, attract”) (found in compounds fortyllan (“to seduce, lead astray, draw away from the mark, deceive”) and betyllan, betillan (“to lure, decoy”)), related to Old Frisian tilla (“to lift, raise”), Dutch tillen (“to lift, raise, weigh, buy”), Low German tillen (“to lift, remove”), Swedish dialectal tille (“to take up, appropriate”).
toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)
From Latin tollō (“to lift up”).
toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)
toll
Probably from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”). (Compare Irish toll, Welsh twll, both meaning "hole".)
toll m (plural tolls)
From Middle High German tol, from Old High German tol, from Proto-Germanic *dulaz (“dazed, foolish, crazy, stupid”).
toll (strong nominative masculine singular toller, comparative toller, superlative am tollsten)
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist toll | sie ist toll | es ist toll | sie sind toll | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | toller | tolle | tolles | tolle |
genitive | tollen | toller | tollen | toller | |
dative | tollem | toller | tollem | tollen | |
accusative | tollen | tolle | tolles | tolle | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der tolle | die tolle | das tolle | die tollen |
genitive | des tollen | der tollen | des tollen | der tollen | |
dative | dem tollen | der tollen | dem tollen | den tollen | |
accusative | den tollen | die tolle | das tolle | die tollen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein toller | eine tolle | ein tolles | (keine) tollen |
genitive | eines tollen | einer tollen | eines tollen | (keiner) tollen | |
dative | einem tollen | einer tollen | einem tollen | (keinen) tollen | |
accusative | einen tollen | eine tolle | ein tolles | (keine) tollen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
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masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist toller | sie ist toller | es ist toller | sie sind toller | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | tollerer | tollere | tolleres | tollere |
genitive | tolleren | tollerer | tolleren | tollerer | |
dative | tollerem | tollerer | tollerem | tolleren | |
accusative | tolleren | tollere | tolleres | tollere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der tollere | die tollere | das tollere | die tolleren |
genitive | des tolleren | der tolleren | des tolleren | der tolleren | |
dative | dem tolleren | der tolleren | dem tolleren | den tolleren | |
accusative | den tolleren | die tollere | das tollere | die tolleren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein tollerer | eine tollere | ein tolleres | (keine) tolleren |
genitive | eines tolleren | einer tolleren | eines tolleren | (keiner) tolleren | |
dative | einem tolleren | einer tolleren | einem tolleren | (keinen) tolleren | |
accusative | einen tolleren | eine tollere | ein tolleres | (keine) tolleren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
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masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am tollsten | sie ist am tollsten | es ist am tollsten | sie sind am tollsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | tollster | tollste | tollstes | tollste |
genitive | tollsten | tollster | tollsten | tollster | |
dative | tollstem | tollster | tollstem | tollsten | |
accusative | tollsten | tollste | tollstes | tollste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der tollste | die tollste | das tollste | die tollsten |
genitive | des tollsten | der tollsten | des tollsten | der tollsten | |
dative | dem tollsten | der tollsten | dem tollsten | den tollsten | |
accusative | den tollsten | die tollste | das tollste | die tollsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein tollster | eine tollste | ein tollstes | (keine) tollsten |
genitive | eines tollsten | einer tollsten | eines tollsten | (keiner) tollsten | |
dative | einem tollsten | einer tollsten | einem tollsten | (keinen) tollsten | |
accusative | einen tollsten | eine tollste | ein tollstes | (keine) tollsten |
From Proto-Uralic *tulka.
toll (plural tollak)
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
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singular | plural | |
nominative | toll | tollak |
accusative | tollat | tollakat |
dative | tollnak | tollaknak |
instrumental | tollal | tollakkal |
causal-final | tollért | tollakért |
translative | tollá | tollakká |
terminative | tollig | tollakig |
essive-formal | tollként | tollakként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tollban | tollakban |
superessive | tollon | tollakon |
adessive | tollnál | tollaknál |
illative | tollba | tollakba |
sublative | tollra | tollakra |
allative | tollhoz | tollakhoz |
elative | tollból | tollakból |
delative | tollról | tollakról |
ablative | tolltól | tollaktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tollé | tollaké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tolléi | tollakéi |
Possessive forms of toll | ||
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possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tollam | tollaim |
2nd person sing. | tollad | tollaid |
3rd person sing. | tolla | tollai |
1st person plural | tollunk | tollaink |
2nd person plural | tollatok | tollaitok |
3rd person plural | tolluk | tollaik |
toll
From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”), from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Cognate with Welsh twll.
toll m (genitive singular toill, nominative plural toill)
From Old Irish toll (“pierced, perforated; hollow, empty”). See Etymology 1 above.
toll (genitive singular masculine toill, genitive singular feminine toille, plural tolla, comparative toille)
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
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Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | toll | tholl | tolla; tholla² | |
Vocative | thoill | tolla | ||
Genitive | toille | tolla | toll | |
Dative | toll; tholl¹ |
tholl; thoill (archaic) |
tolla; tholla² | |
Comparative | níos toille | |||
Superlative | is toille |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
From Old Irish tollaid (“pierces; penetrates”). See Etymology 1 above.
toll (present analytic tollann, future analytic tollfaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollta)
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Irish mutation | ||
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Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
toll | tholl | dtoll |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
From Old Norse þǫll, from Proto-Norse *ᚦᚨᛚᚢ (*þallu), from Proto-Germanic *þallō. Cognate with Swedish tall, Icelandic þöll.
toll m
From Old English toll, from Proto-Germanic *tullō.
toll (plural tolles)
toll
From Late Latin teloneum and Old Norse tollr.
toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural toller, definite plural tollene)
From Old Norse þǫll, from Proto-Norse *ᚦᚨᛚᚢ (*þallu), from Proto-Germanic *þallō. Cognate with Jamtish toll, Icelandic þöll.
toll f (definite singular tolla, indefinite plural toller, definite plural tollene)
From Old Norse tollr, from Middle Low German tol, from Old Saxon tolna, from Medieval Latin toloneum.
toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural tollar, definite plural tollane)
From Proto-Germanic *tollą, from Vulgar Latin toloneum, from Late Latin teloneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).
Germanic cognates include Old Saxon tol (Dutch tol), Old High German zol (German Zoll), Old Norse tollr (Swedish tull). See also parallel forms represented by Old English toln.
toll n
From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”), from Proto-Celtic *tukslo-, *tullos (“pierced, hollow”), see also Middle Low German stoken (“to stab, to prickle”), German stochern (“to pick, to poke”), Sanskrit दति (tudáti, “to push, to strike, to jab, to pierce”).
toll m (genitive singular tuill, plural tuill)
From Old Irish tollaid (“pierces; penetrates”), from toll (“hole, hollow”). See Etymology 1 above.
toll (past tholl, future tollaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollte)
From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.
toll
Even â-stem, lˈl-l gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | toll | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tool | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | toll | tool | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | tool | toolid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tool | tooli | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | toʹlle | toolid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | toolâst | toolin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | toolin | toolivuiʹm | ||||||||||||||||||||
Abessive | tooltää | toolitää | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | tollân | |||||||||||||||||||||
Partitive | tollâd | |||||||||||||||||||||
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From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.
toll