tolul

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Hungarian

Etymology

From tol (“to push”) +‎ -ul (verb-forming suffix). First attested in c. 1600.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

tolul

  1. (intransitive, higher register, of people) to swarm, crowd (into a place: lative suffixes)
    Synonyms: nyomul, özönlik, sodródik, tódul
  2. (intransitive, higher register, of a liquid) to burst, spring with great force (to somewhere: lative suffixes)
    Synonyms: hatol, nyomul, ömlik
    • 1987, “Első könyv. A lyukas lepedő”, in Salman Rushdie, translated by Mihály Falvay, Az éjfél gyermekei, Budapest: Európa Könyvkiadó, →ISBN, page 11; translation of Midnight's Children, London: Jonathan Cape, 1981:
      Hátrahőkölt térdepeltében, fölkapta a fejét, s akkor vette észre, hogy megfagytak a szemébe toluló könnyek is, és abban a szent pillanatban, megvetően lesöpörve pilláiról a gyémántokat, eltökélte: többé meg nem csókolja a földet sem isten, sem ember előtt.

Conjugation

conjugation of tolul
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tolulok tolulsz tolul tolulunk tolultok tolulnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. tolultam tolultál tolult tolultunk tolultatok tolultak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. tolulni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. tolulék tolulál tolula tolulánk tolulátok tolulának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. tolul vala, tolult vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. tolulandok tolulandasz toluland tolulandunk tolulandotok tolulandanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tolulnék tolulnál tolulna tolulnánk tolulnátok tolulnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tolult volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. toluljak tolulj or
toluljál 		toluljon toluljunk toluljatok toluljanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tolult légyen
Infinitive tolulni tolulnom tolulnod tolulnia tolulnunk tolulnotok tolulniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
tolulás toluló tolult ― tolulva (tolulván) tolultat
potential conjugation of tolul
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tolulhatok tolulhatsz tolulhat tolulhatunk tolulhattok tolulhatnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. tolulhattam tolulhattál tolulhatott tolulhattunk tolulhattatok tolulhattak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. tolulhaték tolulhatál tolulhata tolulhatánk tolulhatátok tolulhatának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. tolulhat vala, tolulhatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. tolulhatandok
or tolulandhatok 		tolulhatandasz
or tolulandhatsz 		tolulhatand
or tolulandhat 		tolulhatandunk
or tolulandhatunk 		tolulhatandotok
or tolulandhattok 		tolulhatandanak
or tolulandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tolulhatnék tolulhatnál tolulhatna tolulhatnánk tolulhatnátok tolulhatnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tolulhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. tolulhassak tolulhass or
tolulhassál 		tolulhasson tolulhassunk tolulhassatok tolulhassanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tolulhatott légyen
Inf. (tolulhatni) (tolulhatnom) (tolulhatnod) (tolulhatnia) (tolulhatnunk) (tolulhatnotok) (tolulhatniuk)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (tolulhatva / tolulhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ tol in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

  • tolul in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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