tomar

See also: Tomar

Asturian

Verb

tomar (first-person singular indicative present tomo, past participle tomáu)

to drink (consume liquid through the mouth)
to take
to cover
to go, travel

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar

person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
infinitive		tomar
gerund		tomando
past participle		m tomáu, f tomada, n tomao, m pl tomaos, f pl tomaes
indicative	present	tomo	tomes	toma	tomamos	tomáis	tomen
	imperfect	tomaba	tomabes	tomaba	tomábemos, tomábamos	tomabeis, tomabais	tomaben
	preterite	tomé	tomasti, tomesti	tomó	tomemos	tomastis, tomestis	tomaron
	pluperfect	tomare, tomara	tomares, tomaras	tomare, tomara	tomáremos, tomáramos	tomareis, tomarais	tomaren, tomaran
	future	tomaré	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaréis	tomarán
	conditional	tomaría	tomaríes	tomaría	tomaríemos, tomaríamos	tomaríeis, tomaríais	tomaríen
subjunctive	present	tome	tomes, tomas	tome	tomemos	toméis	tomen, toman
subjunctive	imperfect	tomare, tomara	tomares, tomaras	tomare, tomara	tomáremos, tomáramos	tomareis, tomarais	tomaren, tomaran
imperative		—	toma	—	—	tomái	—

Bikol Central

Alternative forms

tumar

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/,
Hyphenation: to‧mar

Verb

tomár (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜋᜍ᜔)

(rare, transitive) to take medicine
Synonym: inom
(rare, transitive) to swallow a pill
Synonyms: halon, hamil

Derived terms

Catalan

Etymology

From pomar, from Latin palma (“hand”), influenced by Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomí, past participle tomat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /o/

(transitive) to catch

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar (first conjugation)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			tomar
gerund			tomant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tomat		tomada
		plural		tomats		tomades
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	tomo	tomes	toma	tomem	tomeu	tomen
	imperfect	tomava	tomaves	tomava	tomàvem	tomàveu	tomaven
	future	tomaré	tomaràs	tomarà	tomarem	tomareu	tomaran
	preterite	tomí	tomares	tomà	tomàrem	tomàreu	tomaren
	conditional	tomaria	tomaries	tomaria	tomaríem	tomaríeu	tomarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	tomi	tomis	tomi	tomem	tomeu	tomin
	imperfect	tomés	tomessis	tomés	toméssim	toméssiu	tomessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	toma	tomi	tomem	tomeu	tomin
	negative (no)	—	no tomis	no tomi	no tomem	no tomeu	no tomin

Cebuano

Verb

tomar

Alternative spelling of tumar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin; perhaps from Latin autumāre or from Germanic. Compare Portuguese and Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)

(transitive) to take
Synonym: coller
(transitive) to grab
Synonym: agarrar
(transitive) to seize, to capture
Synonyms: conquistar, prender
(transitive) to drink
Synonym: beber
(transitive) to take (food, a pill, etc)
Synonym: comer
(transitive) to sunbathe
Synonym: asollar

Ven acó tomar o sol.
Come here to sunbathe.
(transitive with por) to accept, to receive

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomaren
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades	toman
Imperfect	tomaba	tomabas	tomaba	tomabamos	tomabades	tomaban
Preterite	tomei	tomaches	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomaron
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomaramos	tomarades	tomaran
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes	tomarán
Conditional	tomaría	tomarías	tomaría	tomariamos	tomariades	tomarían
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes	tomen
Imperfect	tomase	tomases	tomase	tomásemos	tomásedes	tomasen
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomaren
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomade	tomen
Negative (non)		non tomes	non tome	non tomemos	non tomedes	non tomen

Reintegrated conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades, tomais	tomam
Imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomávamos	tomávades, tomáveis, tomávais¹	tomavam
Preterite	tomei	tomaste, tomache¹	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomárom, tomaram
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomárades, tomáreis, tomárais¹	tomaram
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes, tomareis	tomarám, tomarão
Conditional	tomaria	tomarias	tomaria	tomaríamos	tomaríades, tomaríeis, tomaríais¹	tomariam
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes, tomeis	tomem
Imperfect	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomássemos	tomássedes, tomásseis	tomassem
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomade, tomai	tomem
Negative (nom)		nom tomes	nom tome	nom tomemos	nom tomedes, nom tomeis	nom tomem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

tomada

References

^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “tomar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
^ T. C. Donkin (1864) An Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages; chiefly from the German of F. Diez.‎, Williams and Norgate, retrieved 13 May 2018, page 431

“tomar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“tomar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“toom” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“tomar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“tomar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“tomar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Unknown.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /to.ˈmaɾ/
Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

tomar

to take; to seize
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 26 (facsimile):
  
  e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar
  and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul and took it very quickly without delay

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar

infinitive		compound		infinitive of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
infinitive		simple		tomar
gerund		simple		tomando
gerund		compound		gerund of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		tomado		tomada
		feminine		tomados		tomadas
present participle				tomante		tomantes
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomades	tomam³, toman⁴
	imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomavamos	tomavades	tomavam³, tomavan⁴
	preterite	tomei	tomaste³, tomasche⁴	tomou	tomamos	tomastes	tomarom³, tomaron⁴
	pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomaramos	tomarades	tomaram³, tomaran⁴
	future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaredes	tomarám³, tomarán⁴
	conditional	tomaría	tomarías	tomaría	tomariamos	tomariades	tomaríam³, tomarían⁴
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	present imperfect	imperfect of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	pluperfect	simple pluperfect of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomedes	tomem³, tomen⁴
	preterite	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomassemos	tomassedes	tomassem³, tomassen⁴
	future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem³, tomaren⁴
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	pluperfect	preterite subjunctive of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver¹ or tẽer² + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	—
affirmative		—	toma	tome	tomemos	tomade	—
negative		—	non tomes	non tome	non tomemos	non tomedes	—
personal infinitive		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nós nós outros nós outras	vós vós outros vós outras	eles elas
personal infinitive		tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem³, tomaren⁴
¹ Its alternative form aver can be used as well. ² Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". ³ Less common in Galicia ⁴ Less common in Portugal

Descendants

Galician: tomar
Portuguese: tomar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tomar, of unknown origin. Possibly derived from Latin autumāre (“to reckon; to affirm”). Compare Galician and Spanish tomar.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ʁ)/
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ʁ)/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /toˈma(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈmaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈma.ɾi/

Homophone: Tomar
Audio (file)

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomei, past participle tomado)

(transitive) to take (to get something into one’s possession or control)
Fui ao banco tomar meu dinheiro.
I went to the bank to get my money.
1. (transitive, military) to take; to conquer (to seize control of a location)
  Os cruzados tomaram Jerusalém.
  The crusaders took Jerusalem.
2. (transitive) to steal (to take something illegally)
  O ladrão tomou todo o meu dinheiro.
  The thief has taken all my money.
(transitive) to take; to receive (to be the victim of an interaction)
Tomei um soco na cara.
I took a punch to the face.
(transitive, applicable to some nouns) to put into practice
tomar uma decisão
to make a decision

tomar medidas
to take measures
(ditransitive, with the indirect object taking por) to take for; to consider; to regard (to have a certain opinion about someone or something)
Eu tomei a Maria por corrupta.
I took Mary for a corrupt woman.
(transitive) to take into the body
1. (transitive) to drink (to ingest a liquid)
  Eu tomei suco.
  I drank juice.
  
  Ela não gosta de tomar sopa.
  She doesn't like to eat soup.
2. (intransitive, by extension) to drink (to consume alcoholic beverages, especially habitually)
  Ele toma muito durante os finais de semana.
  He drinks a lot on weekends.
3. (transitive) to take (to use a medicine)
  Esqueci-me de tomar os antidepressivos.
  I forgot to take the antidepressants.
(transitive) to take; to experience, undergo (to put oneself into, to be subjected to)
tomar um banho
to take a shower

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tomar
Personal	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Gerund
	tomando
Past participle
Masculine	tomado			tomados
Feminine	tomada			tomadas
Indicative
Present	tomo	tomas	toma	tomamos	tomais	tomam
Imperfect	tomava	tomavas	tomava	tomávamos	tomáveis	tomavam
Preterite	tomei	tomaste	tomou	tomamos¹, tomámos²	tomastes	tomaram
Pluperfect	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomáreis	tomaram
Future	tomarei	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomareis	tomarão
Conditional	tomaria	tomarias	tomaria	tomaríamos	tomaríeis	tomariam
Subjunctive
Present	tome	tomes	tome	tomemos	tomeis	tomem
Imperfect	tomasse	tomasses	tomasse	tomássemos	tomásseis	tomassem
Future	tomar	tomares	tomar	tomarmos	tomardes	tomarem
Imperative
Affirmative		toma	tome	tomemos	tomai	tomem
Negative (não)		não tomes	não tome	não tomemos	não tomeis	não tomem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:tomar.

Synonyms

(to take): pegar
(to steal): roubar
(to consider as): considerar (como)
(to drink): beber
(to drink alcohol): beber

Derived terms

References

^ Yakov Malkiel, Etymology

Spanish

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *tumāre, aphaeresis of Latin autumāre (“to affirm (the right to own/possess something)”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /toˈmaɾ/
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: to‧mar

Verb

tomar (first-person singular present tomo, first-person singular preterite tomé, past participle tomado)

to take
Los niños toman clases de inglés
The children take English classes

Me tomó mucho tiempo
It took me a long time

Tómalo con calma.
Take it easy.

Me tomaron por un loco.
They took me for a lunatic.
- 2015 December, “Cine venezolano después del 6D”, in El Nacional‎:
  Dependerá de cada quien tomarlas en consideración o no.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
to drink, have (especially an alcoholic beverage)
Synonym: beber

Tomo una sidra.
I'll have a cider.
to take (travel by means of)
Synonym: (Spain) coger

tomar el tren ― to take the train

Conjugation

Conjugation of tomar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			tomar
gerund			tomando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tomado		tomada
		plural		tomados		tomadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tomo	tomas^{^tú} tomás^{^vos}	toma	tomamos	tomáis	toman
	imperfect	tomaba	tomabas	tomaba	tomábamos	tomabais	tomaban
	preterite	tomé	tomaste	tomó	tomamos	tomasteis	tomaron
	future	tomaré	tomarás	tomará	tomaremos	tomaréis	tomarán
	conditional	tomaría	tomarías	tomaría	tomaríamos	tomaríais	tomarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tome	tomes^{^tú} tomés^{^vos²}	tome	tomemos	toméis	tomen
	imperfect (ra)	tomara	tomaras	tomara	tomáramos	tomarais	tomaran
	imperfect (se)	tomase	tomases	tomase	tomásemos	tomaseis	tomasen
	future¹	tomare	tomares	tomare	tomáremos	tomareis	tomaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		toma^{^tú} tomá^{^vos}	tome	tomemos	tomad	tomen
	negative		no tomes	no tome	no tomemos	no toméis	no tomen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of tomar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive tomar
	dative	tomarme	tomarte	tomarle, tomarse	tomarnos	tomaros	tomarles, tomarse
	accusative	tomarme	tomarte	tomarlo, tomarla, tomarse	tomarnos	tomaros	tomarlos, tomarlas, tomarse

with gerund tomando
	dative	tomándome	tomándote	tomándole, tomándose	tomándonos	tomándoos	tomándoles, tomándose
	accusative	tomándome	tomándote	tomándolo, tomándola, tomándose	tomándonos	tomándoos	tomándolos, tomándolas, tomándose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative toma
	dative	tómame	tómate	tómale	tómanos	not used	tómales
	accusative	tómame	tómate	tómalo, tómala	tómanos	not used	tómalos, tómalas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative tomá
	dative	tomame	tomate	tomale	tomanos	not used	tomales
	accusative	tomame	tomate	tomalo, tomala	tomanos	not used	tomalos, tomalas

with formal second-person singular imperative tome
	dative	tómeme	not used	tómele, tómese	tómenos	not used	tómeles
	accusative	tómeme	not used	tómelo, tómela, tómese	tómenos	not used	tómelos, tómelas

with first-person plural imperative tomemos
	dative	not used	tomémoste	tomémosle	tomémonos	tomémoos	tomémosles
	accusative	not used	tomémoste	tomémoslo, tomémosla	tomémonos	tomémoos	tomémoslos, tomémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative tomad
	dative	tomadme	not used	tomadle	tomadnos	tomaos	tomadles
	accusative	tomadme	not used	tomadlo, tomadla	tomadnos	tomaos	tomadlos, tomadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative tomen
	dative	tómenme	not used	tómenle	tómennos	not used	tómenles, tómense
	accusative	tómenme	not used	tómenlo, tómenla	tómennos	not used	tómenlos, tómenlas, tómense

Derived terms

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish طومار (tomar).

Noun

tomar (definite accusative tomarı, plural tomarlar)

scroll
a great quantity of paper or money

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

tomar

Definite accusative

tomarı

Singular

Plural

Nominative

tomar

Definite accusative

Dative

Locative

Ablative

Genitive

Possessive forms
Nominative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarım	tomarlarım
2nd singular	tomarın	tomarların
3rd singular	tomarı	tomarları
1st plural	tomarımız	tomarlarımız
2nd plural	tomarınız	tomarlarınız
3rd plural	tomarları	tomarları
Definite accusative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarımı	tomarlarımı
2nd singular	tomarını	tomarlarını
3rd singular	tomarını	tomarlarını
1st plural	tomarımızı	tomarlarımızı
2nd plural	tomarınızı	tomarlarınızı
3rd plural	tomarlarını	tomarlarını
Dative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarıma	tomarlarıma
2nd singular	tomarına	tomarlarına
3rd singular	tomarına	tomarlarına
1st plural	tomarımıza	tomarlarımıza
2nd plural	tomarınıza	tomarlarınıza
3rd plural	tomarlarına	tomarlarına
Locative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarımda	tomarlarımda
2nd singular	tomarında	tomarlarında
3rd singular	tomarında	tomarlarında
1st plural	tomarımızda	tomarlarımızda
2nd plural	tomarınızda	tomarlarınızda
3rd plural	tomarlarında	tomarlarında
Ablative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarımdan	tomarlarımdan
2nd singular	tomarından	tomarlarından
3rd singular	tomarından	tomarlarından
1st plural	tomarımızdan	tomarlarımızdan
2nd plural	tomarınızdan	tomarlarınızdan
3rd plural	tomarlarından	tomarlarından
Genitive
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tomarımın	tomarlarımın
2nd singular	tomarının	tomarlarının
3rd singular	tomarının	tomarlarının
1st plural	tomarımızın	tomarlarımızın
2nd plural	tomarınızın	tomarlarınızın
3rd plural	tomarlarının	tomarlarının

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