tovaryš

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See also: Tovaryš

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tovařiš, tovaryš, from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: to‧va‧ryš

Noun

tovaryš m anim (female equivalent tovaryška)

  1. (historical) journeyman
  2. (archaic) friend, comrade, companion
    Synonyms: druh, společník

Declension

Declension of tovaryš (soft masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative tovaryš tovaryši
genitive tovaryše tovaryšů
dative tovaryšovi, tovaryši tovaryšům
accusative tovaryše tovaryše
vocative tovaryši tovaryši
locative tovaryšovi, tovaryši tovaryších
instrumental tovaryšem tovaryši

Further reading

  • “tovaryš”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “tovaryš”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “tovaryš”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Old Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈtoʋarɨʃ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈtovariʃ/

Noun

tovaryš m pers (female equivalent tovaryška)

  1. Alternative form of tovařiš

Declension

Declension of tovaryš (soft o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative tovaryš tovaryšě tovaryši, tovaryšové
genitive tovaryšě tovaryšú tovaryšóv
dative tovaryšu, tovaryšovi tovaryšoma tovaryšóm
accusative tovaryšě tovaryšě tovaryšě
vocative tovaryšu tovaryšě tovaryši, tovaryšové
locative tovaryšu, tovaryšovi tovaryšú tovaryších
instrumental tovaryšem tovaryšoma tovaryši
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia