trukti
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Lithuanian
Etymology
A zero-grade formation from same root as the verb tráukyti (“to pull, draw out; to tear”), which Smoczynski derives from Proto-Indo-European *trewk-, comparing to Proto-Germanic *þrukkijaną (“to press on, crowd”).[1] See also Latvian trūkt (“to lack”).
Pronunciation
Verb
trùkti (third-person present tense truñka, third-person past tense trùko)
- (intransitive) to last, continue
Conjugation
Conjugation of trukti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
trunkù | trunkì | truñka | truñkame, truñkam |
truñkate, truñkat |
truñka | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
trukaũ | trukaĩ | trùko | trùkome, trùkom |
trùkote, trùkot |
trùko | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
trùkdavau | trùkdavai | trùkdavo | trùkdavome, trùkdavom |
trùkdavote, trùkdavot |
trùkdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
trùksiu | trùksi | trùks | trùksime, trùksim |
trùksite, trùksit |
trùks | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
trùkčiau | trùktum, trùktumei |
trùktų | trùktumėme, trùktumėm, trùktume |
trùktumėte, trùktumėt |
trùktų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | trùk, trùki |
tetruñka, tetruñkie |
trùkime, trùkim |
trùkite, trùkit |
tetruñka, tetruñkie | ||
Participles of trukti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | truñkąs, truñkantis | truñkamas | |
| past | trùkęs | trùktas | |
| past frequentative | trùkdavęs | — | |
| future | trùksiąs, trùksiantis | trùksimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | trùktinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | trùkdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | truñkant | |
| past | trùkus | ||
| past frequentative | trùkdavus | ||
| future | trùksiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | trùkte, trùktinai | ||
Derived terms
- trukmė (“duration”)
References
- ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “tráukyti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 683
Further reading
- “trukti”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- “trukti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “trū́kti”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes I–II, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht