tunga

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See also: Tunga, tũnga, tūnga, and tunga'

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *teŋaq. Cognate with Malay tengah, Maori tonga.

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: tu‧nga
  • IPA(key): /tuˈŋaʔ/

Adjective

tungâ

  1. half

Noun

tungâ

  1. center; middle
    1. (geometry) the center of a circle
    2. (geometry) the center of a sphere
    3. the middle portion of something; the part well away from the edges
    4. (geometry) the point on a line that is midway between the ends
    5. (geometry) the point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume)
  2. (slang, euphemistic) vagina

Verb

tungâ

  1. to split into halves
  2. to increase to halfway point
  3. to show up

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Pronunciation

Noun

tunga f (genitive singular tungu, plural tungur)

  1. tongue (organ)
  2. mother tongue, language
  3. tongue of land in a stream
  4. the tongue of a shoe
  5. lemon sole (Microstomus kitt)

Declension

f1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tunga tungan tungur tungurnar
accusative tungu tunguna tungur tungurnar
dative tungu tunguni tungum tungunum
genitive tungu tungunnar tunga tunganna

Herero

Verb

tunga

  1. to build

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Pronunciation

Noun

tunga f (genitive singular tungu, nominative plural tungur)

  1. (anatomy) a tongue
  2. language
  3. the tongue of a shoe

Declension

Declension of tunga (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tunga tungan tungur tungurnar
accusative tungu tunguna tungur tungurnar
dative tungu tungunni tungum tungunum
genitive tungu tungunnar tungna tungnanna

Synonyms

Derived terms

Kituba

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.

Verb

tunga

  1. to sew
  2. to build

Kongo

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.

Verb

-tunga

  1. to sew
  2. to build

Kuikúro

Alternative forms

Noun

tunga

  1. water
    • 2010, Ergativity in Amazonia, →ISBN:
      tunga heke leha ate-lü-ko leha
      water ERG CMPL surround-PNCT-PL CMPL
      the water surrounded them
    • 2012, Languages of the Amazon, →ISBN:
      tuŋá-héke létʃa ate-lə-ko léha
      water-ERG AP 3-encircle-PUNCTUAL-PL ASP
      The water encircled them.

Lingala

Verb

-tunga (infinitive kotunga)

  1. to thin, to become thinner, to slim

Derived terms

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Noun

tunga m or f

  1. definite feminine singular of tunge

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

tunga f (definite singular tunga, indefinite plural tunger or tungor, definite plural tungene or tungone)

  1. (pre-2012) alternative form of tunge
  2. definite singular of tunge

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Noun

tunga f

  1. tongue

Inflection

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Declension of tunga
Singular Plural
nominative tunga tungon
accusative tungon tungon
genitive tungon tungno
dative tungon tungon

Descendants

  • Middle Dutch: tonge, tonghe
    • Dutch: tong
      • Afrikaans: tong
      • Negerhollands: tong, toṅ, tung
        • → Virgin Islands Creole: ton (dated)
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: tunk
      • →? Sranan Tongo: tongo
    • Limburgish: tóng

Further reading

  • “tunga”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dungō.

Noun

tunga ?

  1. dung

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Noun

tunga f (genitive tungu, plural tungur)

  1. tongue
  2. language

Declension

  Declension of tunga (weak ōn-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tunga tungan tungur tungurnar
accusative tungu tunguna tungur tungurnar
dative tungu tungunni tungum tungunum
genitive tungu tungunnar tungna tungnanna

Descendants

References

  • “tunga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Noun

tunga f

  1. tongue
  2. language

Declension

Declension of tunga (feminine n-stem)
singular plural
nominative tunga tungun, tungan, tungon
accusative tungun, tungan, tungon tungun, tungan, tungon
genitive tungun, tungan, tungon tungono
dative tungun, tungan, tungon tungun, tungan, tungon
instrumental — —


Descendants

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ.

Noun

tunga f

  1. tongue
  2. speech, language

Declension

Declension of tunga (on-stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tunga tungan tungu(r), -o(r) tunguna(r), -ona(r)
accusative tungu, -o tunguna, -ona tungu(r), -o(r) tunguna(r), -ona(r)
dative tungu, -o tungunni, -onne tungum, -om tungumin, -omen
genitive tungu, -o tungunna(r), -onna(r) tunga tunganna

Descendants

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

-tûnga (infinitive gutûnga, perfective -tûnze)

  1. own, possess
  2. be wealthy
    Synonym: -kira
    Antonym: -kena

Derived terms

Swahili

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-tunga (infinitive kutunga)

  1. to compose, to string together, to form matter
    kutunga mashairi ― to compose poems

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tunga
Positive present -natunga
Subjunctive -tunge
Negative -tungi
Imperative singular tunga
Infinitives
Positive kutunga
Negative kutotunga
Imperatives
Singular tunga
Plural tungeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutunga
Positive past positive subject concord + -litunga
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutunga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natunga)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatunga/natunga tunatunga
2nd person unatunga mnatunga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatunga wanatunga
other classes positive subject concord + -natunga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tungi)
Singular Plural
1st person situngi hatutungi
2nd person hutungi hamtungi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatungi hawatungi
other classes negative subject concord + -tungi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatunga
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatunga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tunge)
Singular Plural
1st person nitunge tutunge
2nd person utunge mtunge
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atunge watunge
other classes positive subject concord + -tunge
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -situnge
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetunga
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetunga
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitunga
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitunga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atunga)
Singular Plural
1st person natunga twatunga
2nd person watunga mwatunga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atunga watunga
m-mi(III/IV) watunga yatunga
ji-ma(V/VI) latunga yatunga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatunga vyatunga
n(IX/X) yatunga zatunga
u(XI) watunga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatunga
pa(XVI) patunga
mu(XVIII) mwatunga
Perfect positive subject concord + -metunga
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatunga
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatunga
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kitunga
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotunga
Consecutive katunga / positive subject concord + -katunga
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katunge
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nitunga -tutunga
2nd person -kutunga -watunga/-kutungeni/-watungeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtunga -watunga
m-mi(III/IV) -utunga -itunga
ji-ma(V/VI) -litunga -yatunga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitunga -vitunga
n(IX/X) -itunga -zitunga
u(XI) -utunga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutunga
pa(XVI) -patunga
mu(XVIII) -mutunga
Reflexive -jitunga
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tunga- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -tungaye -tungao
m-mi(III/IV) -tungao -tungayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -tungalo -tungayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tungacho -tungavyo
n(IX/X) -tungayo -tungazo
u(XI) -tungao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -tungako
pa(XVI) -tungapo
mu(XVIII) -tungamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tunga)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetunga -otunga
m-mi(III/IV) -otunga -yotunga
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotunga -yotunga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotunga -vyotunga
n(IX/X) -yotunga -zotunga
u(XI) -otunga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotunga
pa(XVI) -potunga
mu(XVIII) -motunga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
en tunga

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish tunga, from Old Norse tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Noun

tunga c

  1. a tongue (organ)
  2. a tongue (flap in a shoe)
    Synonym: plös
  3. a language, speech
    De skatter som förvärvas genom falsk tunga, de äro en försvinnande dunst och hasta till döden.
    The getting of treasures by a lying tongue is a vanity tossed to and fro of them that seek death. (Proverbs 21:6 – old bible translation with archaic language)
Declension
Declension of tunga
nominative genitive
singular indefinite tunga tungas
definite tungan tungans
plural indefinite tungor tungors
definite tungorna tungornas
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

tunga

  1. inflection of tung:
    1. definite singular
    2. plural

Noun

tunga c

  1. (archaic) weight (how heavy something is, from the adjective tung = heavy)
    1. a weight (for measuring weight with scales)
      Synonyms: tyngd, vikt
      Tyskland var då tungan på den europeiska jämviktens vågskål
      Germany was then the weight in the pan of the European balance
    2. a burden, a trouble
      Synonym: börda
    3. a duty, something one is forced to do or pay

References

Turkish

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Noun

tunga

tunga (definite accusative tungalar, plural tungayı)

  1. A sort of tiger.

Synonyms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia