tunnistaa

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Finnish

Etymology

tunn- +‎ -istaa. Coined by Finnish physician and philologist Elias Lönnrot in 1860 after Veps tundištada.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Verb

tunnistaa (transitive)

  1. to recognize/recognise (match in memory; know from a previous encounter)
  2. to identify (establish the identity of someone or something)
  3. (biology) to identify (establish the taxonomic classification of an organism)
  4. to detect, notice
  5. to name (publicly implicate by name)
    Synonyms: nimetä, nimittää

Conjugation

Inflection of tunnistaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunnistan en tunnista 1st sing. olen tunnistanut en ole tunnistanut
2nd sing. tunnistat et tunnista 2nd sing. olet tunnistanut et ole tunnistanut
3rd sing. tunnistaa ei tunnista 3rd sing. on tunnistanut ei ole tunnistanut
1st plur. tunnistamme emme tunnista 1st plur. olemme tunnistaneet emme ole tunnistaneet
2nd plur. tunnistatte ette tunnista 2nd plur. olette tunnistaneet ette ole tunnistaneet
3rd plur. tunnistavat eivät tunnista 3rd plur. ovat tunnistaneet eivät ole tunnistaneet
passive tunnistetaan ei tunnisteta passive on tunnistettu ei ole tunnistettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunnistin en tunnistanut 1st sing. olin tunnistanut en ollut tunnistanut
2nd sing. tunnistit et tunnistanut 2nd sing. olit tunnistanut et ollut tunnistanut
3rd sing. tunnisti ei tunnistanut 3rd sing. oli tunnistanut ei ollut tunnistanut
1st plur. tunnistimme emme tunnistaneet 1st plur. olimme tunnistaneet emme olleet tunnistaneet
2nd plur. tunnistitte ette tunnistaneet 2nd plur. olitte tunnistaneet ette olleet tunnistaneet
3rd plur. tunnistivat eivät tunnistaneet 3rd plur. olivat tunnistaneet eivät olleet tunnistaneet
passive tunnistettiin ei tunnistettu passive oli tunnistettu ei ollut tunnistettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunnistaisin en tunnistaisi 1st sing. olisin tunnistanut en olisi tunnistanut
2nd sing. tunnistaisit et tunnistaisi 2nd sing. olisit tunnistanut et olisi tunnistanut
3rd sing. tunnistaisi ei tunnistaisi 3rd sing. olisi tunnistanut ei olisi tunnistanut
1st plur. tunnistaisimme emme tunnistaisi 1st plur. olisimme tunnistaneet emme olisi tunnistaneet
2nd plur. tunnistaisitte ette tunnistaisi 2nd plur. olisitte tunnistaneet ette olisi tunnistaneet
3rd plur. tunnistaisivat eivät tunnistaisi 3rd plur. olisivat tunnistaneet eivät olisi tunnistaneet
passive tunnistettaisiin ei tunnistettaisi passive olisi tunnistettu ei olisi tunnistettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. tunnista älä tunnista 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. tunnistakoon älköön tunnistako 3rd sing. olkoon tunnistanut älköön olko tunnistanut
1st plur. tunnistakaamme älkäämme tunnistako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. tunnistakaa älkää tunnistako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. tunnistakoot älkööt tunnistako 3rd plur. olkoot tunnistaneet älkööt olko tunnistaneet
passive tunnistettakoon älköön tunnistettako passive olkoon tunnistettu älköön olko tunnistettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunnistanen en tunnistane 1st sing. lienen tunnistanut en liene tunnistanut
2nd sing. tunnistanet et tunnistane 2nd sing. lienet tunnistanut et liene tunnistanut
3rd sing. tunnistanee ei tunnistane 3rd sing. lienee tunnistanut ei liene tunnistanut
1st plur. tunnistanemme emme tunnistane 1st plur. lienemme tunnistaneet emme liene tunnistaneet
2nd plur. tunnistanette ette tunnistane 2nd plur. lienette tunnistaneet ette liene tunnistaneet
3rd plur. tunnistanevat eivät tunnistane 3rd plur. lienevät tunnistaneet eivät liene tunnistaneet
passive tunnistettaneen ei tunnistettane passive lienee tunnistettu ei liene tunnistettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st tunnistaa present tunnistava tunnistettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tunnistaakseni tunnistaaksemme
2nd tunnistaaksesi tunnistaaksenne
3rd tunnistaakseen
tunnistaaksensa
past tunnistanut tunnistettu
2nd inessive2 tunnistaessa tunnistettaessa agent4 tunnistama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tunnistaessani tunnistaessamme
2nd tunnistaessasi tunnistaessanne
3rd tunnistaessaan
tunnistaessansa
negative tunnistamaton
instructive tunnistaen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form tunnistaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd inessive tunnistamassa —
elative tunnistamasta —
illative tunnistamaan —
adessive tunnistamalla —
abessive tunnistamatta —
instructive tunnistaman tunnistettaman
4th3 verbal noun tunnistaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tunnistamaisillani tunnistamaisillamme
2nd tunnistamaisillasi tunnistamaisillanne
3rd tunnistamaisillaan
tunnistamaisillansa

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  2. ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading

Wikious
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