turha

Unknown. Cognate with Ingrian turha.

• IPA^(key): /ˈturhɑ/,
• Rhymes: -urhɑ
• Syllabification^(key): tur‧ha

turha (comparative turhempi, superlative turhin)

1. futile, in vain (incapable of producing results)

   Synonyms: hyödytön, tulokseton, tarpeeton

   Hänen ponnistelunsa osoittautuivat turhaksi.

   His efforts proved futile.

   Työmme ei ollut turhaa.

   Our work was not in vain.

   • 1992, Timo Koivusalo (lyrics and music), “Kuurankukka”, in Joel Hallikainen, performed by Joel Hallikainen:

     Turhaa, aivan turhaa
     On jälkiänsä käydä seuraamaan

     (It's) futile, all too futile
     to start following one's own footsteps

2. pointless, useless, unnecessary, purposeless, needless (lacking purpose or need)

   Synonyms: tarpeeton, tarkoitukseton

   Hän aloitti kantansa perustelun, vaikka tiesikin sen turhaksi.

   He began backing up his opinion, although he knew it was pointless.

   Miten niin tämä on turha ostos?

   How is this an useless purchase?

   Jättämällä turhat lisävarusteet pois säästää rahaa.

   You can save money by leaving out unnecessary accessories.

3. unfounded, unjustified (lacking justification)

   Synonyms: aiheeton, perusteeton, tarpeeton

   Joukkue osoitti aiemmat epäilykset tasostaan turhiksi.

   The team proved that earlier doubts about their level were unfounded.

4. uncalled-for, unwarranted (not deserved or justified)

   Synonym: kohtuuton

   Tuo oli aivan turha kommentti.

   That comment was completely unwarranted.

• “turha”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

• rahtu

Of uncertain origin.

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: tur‧ha
• Rhymes: -hɒ

turha (plural turhák)

1. (slang) dense saliva mixed with phlegm or nasal mucus, sputum

   Synonym: slejm

   Ülök a buszon, erre mellettem a fazon az ülésre keni a turháját, majdnem összehánytam magam tőle. ― I'm sitting on the bus, when the dude next to me smears his sputum on the seat, I almost vomited because of him.

   • 1922, Zsigmond Móricz, chapter VII, in Tündérkert [Fairy Garden]‎, Athenaeum:

     Csonka Bálint egy nagy turhát kiköpött, ennyi volt a reggeli tisztálkodása.

     Bálint Csonka expectorated a big sputum, that was his morning ablutions.

• turha in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• turha in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
• Pusztai, Ferenc (ed.). Magyar értelmező kéziszótár (“A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian”). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003. 2nd, expanded and revised edition →ISBN. Online searchable version (under development)
• turha in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (’Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’), Second, revised and expanded edition, Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2021, →ISBN. (See also the PDF of its 1st edition.)

Unknown. Cognate with Finnish turha.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈturɑ/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈturhɑ/,
• Rhymes: -urɑ, -urhɑ
• Hyphenation: tur‧ha

turha (comparative turhemp)

1. useless
2. unnecessary

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 609