ubull

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *abūl (apple), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

ubull n

  1. apple

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ubullN ubullN ubullL, ubla
Vocative ubullN ubullN ubullL, ubla
Accusative ubullN ubullN ubullL, ubla
Genitive ubuillL ubull ubullN
Dative ubullL ublaib ublaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

According to Stifter, this word was originally a u-stem, as evidenced by the archaic genitive singular in the place name Áth Aublo.[1]

  • aball (apple tree)
  • obull (juggling ball)

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: uball
    • Irish: úll
    • Manx: ooyl
    • Scottish Gaelic: ubhal

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ubull
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
unchanged n-ubull
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Stifter, David (2019 September 18) “An apple a day ...”, in Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 124, number 1, pages 172-218

Further reading