um-

• umbe-, umb-

From Middle English um-, umbe-, embe-, from Old English ymb-, ymbe- (“around”), from Proto-West Germanic *umbi-, from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about, by, near”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Dutch om- (“around”), German um- (“around”), Latin amb- (“around, about”), Latin ambi- (“both”), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around, about”), Sanskrit अभि (abhi, “against, about”).

um-

1. (rare, now rarely productive, primarily in dialects, chiefly Scotland) Prefix meaning around, about.

• -mu-, MU, Mu, mu

From the preposition um.

um-

1. over, about, around

From Middle High German um-, umb-, umme-, umbe-, from Old High German umbi- (“around”), from Proto-West Germanic *umbi-, from Proto-Germanic *umbi- (“around”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“by, near, around”). Cognate with English um-, Dutch om-, Swedish om-, Icelandic um-.

• IPA^(key): /ʊm/,

• Audio:

  (file)

um- (separable or inseparable)

1. round, round about
2. repeatedly, over again, re-
3. in another way
4. to the ground, down, over

When this prefix is separable, the stress falls on the prefix: ˈumbiegen, ˈumbilden, ˈumdeuten, ˈumbenennen. When inseparable, the stress falls on the root: umˈflattern, umˈfluten, umˈgaukeln, umˈmauern, umˈgeben. The prefix is only unstressed/inseparable when referring to the first meaning. Sometimes this creates contrasting words with opposite meaning, only distinguished in stress and therefore undistinguishable in writing, e.g. umˈfahren (“drive around something”), ˈumfahren (“drive something over”).

um-

1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

um-

1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

um-

1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

um-

1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

um-

1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

um-

1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

See -um-.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔum/
• Syllabification: um-

um- (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ᜔)

1. prefix form of -um- for verbs starting with a vowel

   Umulan kanina.

   It rained a while ago.

   Umalis na ako.

   I already left.

From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀-mʊ̀-.

um-

1. Class 1 noun prefix.

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-mʊ̀-.

um-

1. Class 3 noun prefix.

úm-

1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

úm-

1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “um-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “um-”