vós

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "vos"

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin vōs.

Pronoun

vós

  1. you (subject pronoun: the group being addressed)

Synonyms

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

vós (strong)

  1. you

Usage notes

  • Vós is a polite form, used when addressing a single person. It is used with the second person plural form of the verb. (Compare the polite usage of vous in French.)

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See also

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

vós (accusative vos, dative vos)

  1. second-person plural nominative personal pronoun; you
    Synonyms: vosoutros, vostedes
  2. (dated, dialectal) thou, thee (an elevated form of you, singular)
    Synonym: vostede
    • 1310, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 384:
      De min dom ffernan ffernandez de Lima A vos Pero viçente de Martin meu omme Saude
      From me Don Fernán Fernández de Limia to thee Pedro Vicente de Martín, my man, hail
    • 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
      An que me trataches bén
      si'ávesita non pagàs
      dou ò demo pè ala poño
      nin me alembro de vòs màis.
      Although thou treated me well
      If the visit thou don't pay
      No way I'm putting a feet there
      Or remembering thee anymore

Usage notes

When vós is a polite form, addressing a single person, is used with the second person plural form of the verb. Compare the polite usage of vous in French and vós in Catalan.

Derived terms

Related terms

See also

References

  • “vos” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “vos” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “vós” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “vós” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “vós” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 
 

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs, from Proto-Indo-European *wōs.

Pronoun

vós m pl or f pl by sense

  1. (archaic, dialectal, literary, religion, or humorous) you (second-person plural nominative and prepositional personal pronoun)
    Synonyms: vocês, os senhores
    Vós deveis fugir. ― Ye must flee.
    Tenho medo de vós. ― I am afraid of you.
  2. (archaic, dialectal, literary, religion, or humorous) you, thou (second-person singular nominative and prepositional pronoun used when addressing a deity, noble or certain powerful officials)
    Synonyms: tu, você, o senhor
    Deus, vós sois a minha força.
    God, thou art my strength.
Usage notes
  • vós has almost fully been replaced by vocês, except in some rural dialects in Northern Portugal. Otherwise, it is an archaic and literary form.
Related terms

See also

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Etymology 2

Noun

vós f

  1. plural of vó

Spanish

Pronoun

vós

  1. Obsolete spelling of vos
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