vel

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vel (“or”).

Noun

vel

1. (logic) The ∨ symbol used to represent the inclusive or, which is a logical connective.

See also

• vel non

References

Anagrams

• ELV, Lev., lev, lev-

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɛl/

Etymology 1

From Dutch vel, from Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-.

Noun

vel (plural velle, diminutive velletjie)

1. A skin, a hide.
2. A membrane, e.g. forming on boiling milk.
3. A sheet (e.g. of paper; incorrectly used for a page).

Etymology 2

From Dutch vellen, from Middle Dutch vellen, from Old Dutch *fellen, from Proto-Germanic *fallijaną.

Verb

vel (present vel, present participle vellende, past participle gevel)

1. (transitive) To fell.
2. (transitive, of verdicts, opinions) To decide, to pronounce.

Albanian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *wala, Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, twist”). From the same root of vjell and vjel.

Verb

vel (aorist vela, participle velur)

1. to overeat, eat too much

Conjugation

1=vel

Related terms

• vjell
• vjel

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin vēlum.

Noun

vel m

1. veil

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan vel, from Latin vēlum. Compare Occitan vel, French voile, Spanish velo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central)
• IPA^(key): (Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)

Noun

vel m (plural vels)

1. veil

Related terms

References

• “vel” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “vel”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “vel” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “vel” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cornish

Noun

vel

1. Soft mutation of mel.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

vel

1. second-person singular imperative of velet

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish væl, from Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela (“well”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɛl/
• (I suppose): IPA^(key): /vɛl/

Adverb

vel

1. well
2. I suppose, maybe

   Der er vel noget sandhed i det.

   I suppose there is some truth in it.

Interjection

vel

1. (used as a tag question) is it the case

   Der er ikke slanger, vel?

   There aren't any snakes, are there?

   Du er ikke sur på mig, vel?

   You are not angry with me, are you?

Antonyms

• ikke?, ikke sandt?, ikke også?

References

• “vel” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɛl/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: vel
• Rhymes: -ɛl

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-West Germanic *fell, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-, whence Latin pellis, Greek πέλλα; cognate with German Fell.

Noun

vel n (plural vellen, diminutive velletje n)

1. A skin, a hide.

   Haar velletje zat tussen de deur.

   Her skin was caught in the door.

2. A fur, a pelt.

   Tientallen vellen van beren en wolven lagen opeengestapeld.

   Tens of pelts of bears and wolves had been stacked on each other.

3. A sheet (e.g. of paper; incorrectly used for a page).

   Het glas van een gloeilamp is niet veel dikker dan een vel papier

   The glass of a lightbulb is not much thicker than a sheet of paper.

4. A membrane, e.g. forming on boiling milk.

   Deze saus moet niet te lang koken, anders ontstaan er vellen.

   This sauce shouldn't boil for too long or else membranes will appear.

5. A rag, a shred.

Synonyms

• (skin): huid
• (fur): pels
• (sheet): blad n

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: vel
• Jersey Dutch: vääl
• Negerhollands: vel, fel
• → Indonesian: pel

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

vel

1. inflection of vellen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

References

• M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition)
• Franck, Johannes (1892) Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff

Dutch Low Saxon

Adverb

vel

1. Alternative spelling of veel

Adjective

vel

1. Alternative spelling of veel

Fala

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese veer. Compare Portuguese ver and Galician ver.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbel/

Verb

vel

1. to see

Conjugation

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Faroese

Noun

vel n (genitive singular vels, plural vel)

1. tail (of a bird)

Declension

German Low German

Adverb

vel

1. Alternative spelling of veel

Adjective

vel

1. Alternative spelling of veel

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɛːl/
• Rhymes: -ɛːl

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela.

Adverb

vel (comparative betur, superlative best) (háttaratviksorð (“adverb of manner”))

1. well

Derived terms

• betur sjá augu en auga
• vel á minnst
• vel að merkja
• allt er gott sem endar vel
• gjörðu svo vel
• ganga vel
• gangi þér vel

Etymology 2

Verb

vel

1. inflection of velja:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative singular

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɛl/
• Hyphenation: vel

Conjunction

vel

1. (rare) and/or (inclusive "or")

   Ka vu volas manjor vel hamburger vel pizza?

   Do you want to eat a hamburger and/or a pizza?

   • 1914, Félix Mirot, La Langue Auxiliaire, page 90:

     Me certe prenos akompananto: vel mea frato, vel mea kuzo.

     I will certainly bring company: either my sibling and/or my cousin.

Usage notes

After the adoption of the word by the Akademio in 1913-14, it didn't see much use. Those that actually used the word, didn't seem to use it correctly either. They recommended just using the exclusive for both (i.e. od and o), and by the following year, they proposed to annul the adoption. If they actually officially annulled the word is unknown.

See also

• od, o

Latin

Alternative forms

• ꝉ (abbreviation)
• ƚ (abbreviation)
• vƚ (abbreviation)
• uƚ (abbreviation)

Etymology

From earlier *well, from *wels, from *welsi (“you wish”), thus originally the second-person singular present active indicative form of volō (“I will, I wish”). The semantic development may have been helped by the fortuitous similarity to -ve.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /u̯el/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /vel/,

Conjunction

vel

1. or; and/or
   • 2005, D.J. Krus, Elements of Propositional Calculus:

     In theatro comediae vel tragediae aguntur.

     In theater, comedies or tragedies are played.

2. even

Derived terms

• velut

Descendants

• Translingual: ∨ (symbol of disjunction)
• English: vel sim., vel

See also

• aut

References

• “vĕl”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vel”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• 1. VEL in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• 2. VEL in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vĕl in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,651.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • time assuages the most violent grief: vel maximos luctus vetustate tollit diuturnitas (Fam. 5. 16. 5)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• “uel” on page 2,021–2,022 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “vel”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 1,068/1

Latvian

Verb

vel

1. inflection of velt:
   1. second-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Livonian

Etymology

Compare Estonian veel, Latvian vēl (“more, else, yet”). According to Karulis, Latvian vēl is an inherited word cognate with vēls (“late”), thus perhaps an old Baltic borrowing in Finnic languages; this is supported by EES. Its use before jo, juo forming comparatives of adjectives could be a more recent calque, cf., Latvian labāk (“better”) — vēl jo labāk (“the better, even better”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vel/

Adverb

ve'l

1. more, else, yet
   • Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA

     mis sa vel äd tō!

     what do you think you're doing!? ~ what else will you come up with! (lit. "what else do you want !")

     alā ajjõ vanā kouv vizzõ, koņtš ūž vel äb ūo vaļmõz

     do not fill up the old well until a new one is not (yet) ready

References

Manx

Verb

vel

1. present dependent form of bee
   • Abbyr dy vel eh çheet. Let us assume that he is coming.
   • As ta'n chooid share jeh nagh vel ee ny ben Vanninagh. The beauty of it is that she is not Manx.
   • Cha vel breagerey dy ve credjit ga dy vel eh ginsh yn irriney. A liar is not to be believed even if he tells the truth.
   • Vel oo ayns shoh rish foddey? Have you been here long?

Usage notes

• Use with cha primarily confined to higher registers.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.

Adverb

vel

1. well

Derived terms

References

• “vel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋɛlː/, /ʋeːl/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vel, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Akin to English well.

Adverb

vel

1. well
2. certainly, probably

   Ja, det er vel rett.

   Yes, that is probably true./Yes, I suppose that is true.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

vel

1. inflection of velja:
   1. present
   2. imperative

References

• “vel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *fell, whence also Old English fell.

Noun

vel n

1. A fur.

Descendants

• German: Fell

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wela (“well”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Cognate with Old English wel, Old Frisian wela, Old Saxon wela, Old High German wola, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 (waila).

Adverb

vel (comparative betr, superlative bazt)

1. well
2. easily
3. fully, amply, largely

Descendants

• Icelandic: vel
• Faroese: væl
• Norwegian: vel
• Old Swedish: væl, val
  • Swedish: väl
• Old Danish: væl
  • Danish: vel

References

• “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vel”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vel”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vel in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • time assuages the most violent grief: vel maximos luctus vetustate tollit diuturnitas (Fam. 5. 16. 5)
    

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin vēlum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vel/

Noun

vel m (plural vej)

1. veil

Related terms

• velé

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

vel

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɛl/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛl
• Syllabification: vel

Particle

vel

1. (with pseudonyms) AKA, alias

   Synonyms: aka, alias

Further reading

• vel in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• vel in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic велии (velii), from Proto-Slavic *velьjь.

Adjective

vel m or f or n (indeclinable)

1. (dated, historical) great (preceding a medieval rank in Wallachia or Moldavia)

Declension

Further reading

• vel in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Volapük

Numeral

vel

1. seven

Derived terms

• velüm

Yola

Verb

vel

1. simple past tense of vall
   • 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:

     A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,

     The piper fell back like one well smitten,

References

• Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133