vodka

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

• vodki, vodky

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), from вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka, “-let: forming diminutives”). The archaic Russian name for vodka was хле́бное вино́ (xlébnoje vinó, “grain wine”); V. Pokhlyobkin's research suggests the present name derived from expressions concerning the dilution of the initial pure distilled spirit such as "vodka of grain wine".

Cognates include Sanskrit उदक (udaka), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) → English hydro-, English whisky and English water.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɒdkə/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈvɑdkə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

vodka (countable and uncountable, plural vodkas)

1. A clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash.
   • 1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 20, in Friday's Business‎:

     Eurydice pointed to the cupboard, and sat down on the low divan with folded hands, and looked at the floor. She was quite white. Elsa made her drink a glass of vodka.

2. A serving of the above beverage.
   • 1986, Marc Polonsky, Russell Taylor, USSR, From an Original Idea by Karl Marx, Faber and Faber, →ISBN:

     You should mutter sullenly into your glass, cursing the serving woman (Witch! Hag! Poison!) or the vodka (Poison! Bitch!), as the one pours you another glass of the other.

3. (US standards of identity) Neutral spirits distilled (or treated after distillation) so as to have no distinctive character, aroma, taste, or color.
4. (countable, military slang, ethnic slur) A Russian.
5. (uncountable, military slang) Russian language.

Derived terms

Descendants

• → Cebuano: bodka
• → Welsh: fodca

Translations

References

Further reading

• vodka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Cornish

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key):
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key):

Noun

vodka f (plural vodkas)

1. vodka

References

• Cornish-English Dictionary from Maga's Online Dictionary
• Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 190
• vodka in the Alternative Cornish Dictionary

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^cs

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka). By surface analysis, voda +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -otka
• Hyphenation: vod‧ka

Noun

vodka f (related adjective vodkový)

1. vodka

Declension

Further reading

• vodka in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• vodka in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• vodka in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^da

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Noun

vodka

1. vodka

Declension

Finnish

Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^fi

Alternative forms

• votka

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋodkɑ/,
• Rhymes: -odkɑ
• Syllabification^(key): vod‧ka

Noun

vodka

1. vodka

Declension

Synonyms

• paloviina
• viina

Derived terms

Further reading

• “vodka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04

French

French Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^fr

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɔd.ka/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

vodka f (plural vodkas)

1. vodka

Further reading

• “vodka”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Hungarian

Hungarian Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^hu

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: vod‧ka
• Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

vodka (plural vodkák)

1. vodka

Declension

Further reading

• vodka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^is

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɔt.kʰa/

Noun

vodka n (genitive singular vodka, no plural)

1. vodka

Declension

4=a

Indonesian

Noun

vodka (first-person possessive vodkaku, second-person possessive vodkamu, third-person possessive vodkanya)

1. vodka

Alternative forms

• wodka

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^it

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɔd.ka/
• Rhymes: -ɔdka
• Hyphenation: vòd‧ka

Noun

vodka f (invariable)

1. vodka

Norman

Etymology

From English vodka, from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Noun

vodka m (plural vodkas)

1. (Jersey) vodka

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^nb

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋɔdkɑ/
• Rhymes: -ɑ

Noun

vodka m (definite singular vodkaen)

1. vodka

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Noun

vodka m (definite singular vodkaen)

1. vodka

Portuguese

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^pt

Alternative forms

• vodca

Etymology

From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

Noun

vodka f (plural vodkas)

1. vodka

Slovak

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^sk

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vodъka, equivalent to voda (“water”) +‎ -ka (diminutive suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

vodka f (genitive singular vodky, nominative plural vodky, genitive plural vodiek, declension pattern of žena)

1. vodka

Declension

Derived terms

• vodkový

Further reading

• “vodka”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Spanish

Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^es

Alternative forms

• vodca (rare)

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka, literally “little water”), a diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbodka/
• Rhymes: -odka
• Syllabification: vod‧ka

Noun

vodka m or f (plural vodkas)

1. vodka

Usage notes

Vodka is usually treated as a masculine noun, but feminine noun usage is permitted per its etymology.

Further reading

• “vodka”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
• “vodka” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, segunda edición, Real Academia Española, 2023. →ISBN

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

vodka

Wikipedia ^sv

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɔdka/

Noun

vodka c

1. vodka

Declension

References

• vodka in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• vodka in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• vodka in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)