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w-. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
w-, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
w- in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
w- you have here. The definition of the word
w- will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
w-, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Ojibwe
Prefix
w-
- Alternative form of o-
Usage notes
w- appears before stems that begin with ii.
See also
Old Polish
Pronunciation
Prefix
w-
- indicates motion inside or inward
- Antonym: wy-
- w- + rzucić → wrzucić
- indicates motion upward
- w- + stać → wstać
Derived terms
Polish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Prefix
w-
- indicates motion inside or inward
- Antonym: wy-
- w- + rzucić → wrzucić
- indicates motion upward
- Synonyms: pod-, wz-
- w- + stać → wstać
Derived terms
Further reading
- w- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Swahili
Alternative forms
Prefix
w- (plural ny-)
- u class(XI) noun prefix used before vowels
- wakati mwingine ― another time
Tooro
Pronunciation
Prefix
w-
- Form used before a verb affixed with -a- or subjunctive -e- of o-
- w- + efubike (“to cover oneself”) → wefubike (“may you cover yourself”)
Ye'kwana
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
- ∅- (allomorph before a consonant)
Pronunciation
Prefix
w-
- Obligatorily marks derivations of intransitive verbs adverbialized with -e or nominalized with any marker.
Usage notes
This prefix is unrealized (disappears) when the stem it is attached to begins with a consonant. When it is used in the third person, the third-person marker y- itself is unrealized, but it palatalizes this suffix w- to y- and lengthens the vowel after it if possible, so that w- appears to disappear (as it becomes indistinguishable from the pre-vocalic form of the third-person marker y- that palatalized it).
This prefix comes between the person marker and the verb stem.
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
- wi- (allomorph before a consonant)
Pronunciation
Prefix
w-
- Marks a transitive verb as having a first-person agent/subject when the patient/object is of third person.
- Marks an intransitive verb with agent-like argument or (with certain vowel-initial verbs) patient-like argument as having a first-person argument/subject with verb forms that take series I markers.
Usage notes
The form w- is used with stems that start with a vowel; wi- is used with those that start with a consonant, in which case the initial consonant is also palatalized. In practice, since all intransitive verbs to which this prefix can attach start with a vowel, wi- only appears on certain transitive verbs.
Inflection
Ye'kwana personal markers
|
pronoun
|
noun possessor/ series II verb argument
|
postposition object
|
series I verb argument
|
transitive patient
|
intransitive patient-like
|
intransitive agent-like
|
transitive agent
|
first person
|
ewü
|
y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1
|
w-, wi-
|
first person dual inclusive
|
küwü
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
k-, kii-, ki-1
|
second person
|
amödö
|
ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad-
|
m-, mi-
|
first person dual exclusive
|
nña
|
y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1
|
chö-
|
∅-
|
n-, ni-
|
third person
|
tüwü
|
n-, ni-
|
distant past third person
|
—
|
kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
|
coreferential/reflexive
|
—
|
t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-
|
—
|
reciprocal
|
—
|
—
|
öö-
|
- With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
|
|
series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
|
first person > second person
|
mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
|
first person dual exclusive > second person
|
second person > first person
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
second person > first person dual exclusive
|
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person
|
see person X in the chart above
|
References
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “w-”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon, pages 152, 179–180, 200–202