. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Symbol
wa
- (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Walloon.
English
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
wa
- A traditional proa-style outrigger canoe of the Caroline Islands.
Etymology 2
From Thai วา (waa).
Noun
wa (plural wa)
- A Thai unit of length, traditionally comparable to a fathom, and now officially equal to two metres.
Etymology 3
From Japanese 和 (wa).
Noun
wa (uncountable)
- In Japanese society, the favouring of a harmonious community over one's personal interests.
Etymology 4
wa
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of where.
Anagrams
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch wagen.
Pronunciation
Noun
wa (plural waens, diminutive waentjie)
- wagon
- cart
- automobile, car
Synonyms
Derived terms
Amele
Noun
wa
- water
References
Anguthimri
Noun
wa
- (Mpakwithi) grey hair
References
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 189
Antillean Creole
Etymology
From French roi.
Noun
wa
- king
Atong (India)
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/p-wa. Cognate with Garo wa (“tooth, tusk”), Jingpho wa (“tooth”), Burmese သွား (swa:), and Tibetan སོ (so).
Noun
wa
- tooth, tusk
References
Bambara
Pronunciation
Particle
wa
- final interrogative particle on a yes/no question
Baoule
Adverb
wa
- here
Bassa
Pronunciation
Pronoun
wa
- they, them
Verb
wa
- to break
References
Bau
Noun
wa
- water
Further reading
Butmas-Tur
Noun
wa
- water
References
Canela
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- third-person of xwa
Egyptian
Romanization
wa
- Manuel de Codage transliteration of wꜥ.
Etulo
Verb
wā
- drink
- ḿ wēnî — I drink water
- ḿ wēnī — I drank water
References
- Rose-Juliet Anyanwu, Fundamentals of Phonetics, Phonology and Tonology (2008)
Garo
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/p-wa. Cognate with Jingpho wa (“tooth”), Burmese သွား (swa:), and Tibetan སོ (so).
Noun
wa
- tooth
Gele'
Noun
wa
- water
German
Etymology 1
From dialectal wat (“what”).
Pronunciation 1
Particle
wa
- (colloquial, regional, parts of northern and central Germany) right?; is it?; is it not?
- Synonyms: ne, oder, gell; see also Thesaurus:nicht wahr
Wir müssen da lang, wa?- We need to go this way, don't we?
Pronunciation 2
- IPA(key): /vah/, /vhah/
- IPA(key): , (parts of northern Germany)
Particle
wa
- (colloquial, potentially rude) what, huh (expresses that something was extremely hard to understand acoustically or outlandish in content)
- Synonyms: hä, hüä; was
Usage notes
- Also spelled wat. Especially common in Hamburg and western Holstein, where dialects traditionally drop final /t/ (especially after fricatives).
Etymology 2
Pronoun
wa
- (colloquial) Pronunciation spelling of wir.
Gilbertese
Noun
wa
- pirogue
Gun
Etymology
Stemming from the possible Proto-Gbe *bá, Proto-Gbe *vá, Proto-Gbe *wá, or Proto-Gbe *ɓá. Cognates include Fon wá, Saxwe Gbe va, Adja va, Ewe va. Possibly also cognates with Yoruba wá, Itsekiri wá, Olukumi wá
Pronunciation
Verb
wá
- to come
Haitian Creole
Alternative forms
Etymology
From French roi (“king”).
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- king
See also
Ifè
Alternative forms
Etymology
cognate with Yoruba wá
Pronunciation
|
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
|
Verb
wa (wá)
- come
Jamaican Creole
Etymology
Derived from English what.
Pronunciation
Determiner
wa
- what
Wa yu se?- What did you say?
Further reading
Japanese
Romanization
wa
- Rōmaji transcription of わ
- Rōmaji transcription of ワ
- Rōmaji transcription of は
- Rōmaji transcription of ハ
- Rōmaji transcription of わっ
- Rōmaji transcription of ワッ
Kapampangan
Interjection
wa
- yes
- Antonym: ali
Kashubian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *va.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈva/
- Syllabification: wa
Pronoun
wa
- second-person plural pronoun; you
Declension
Further reading
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “wy”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi
- “wa”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Kituba
Verb
wa
- to hear
Kumeyaay
Noun
wa
- house
Ladino
Etymology
Probably from Moroccan Arabic ايوه (iwa).
Interjection
wa
- (Haketia) so (used to introduce a new conversation or topic)
Lingala
Verb
wa
- to die
Lorediakarkar
Noun
wa
- water
Mandarin
Romanization
wa (wa5/wa0, Zhuyin ˙ㄨㄚ)
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哇
wa
- Nonstandard spelling of wā.
- Nonstandard spelling of wá.
- Nonstandard spelling of wǎ.
- Nonstandard spelling of wà.
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Marshallese
Etymology
From Proto-Micronesian *waxa, from Proto-Oceanic *waga, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waŋka, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waŋka. Cognate with Maori waka, Tongan vaka, Hawaiian waʻa.
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- canoe, ship, boat
- vehicle
References
Mokilese
Verb
wa
- to carry
Derived terms
Muong
Etymology
From Chinese 花 (MC xwae). Cognate with Vietnamese hoa.
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- (Mường Bi) flower
- Synonym: pông
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
-wa
- to fall
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Northern Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
wa
- to fall
Oirata
Noun
wa
- pea, bean
Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *wai, from Proto-Indo-European *wai.
Pronunciation
Interjection
wā
- woe! alas! (expression of grief or anguish)
Derived terms
Adverb
wā
- woe, ill
Related terms
Descendants
Old Javanese
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀah.
Noun
wa
- ember, glowing coal
Ottawa
Pronoun
wa anim sg (plural niwi, obviative giwi)
- that
References
- Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001) Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 123
Panim
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- water
Further reading
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
-wa
- to fall
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Polonombauk
Noun
wa
- water
Sa
Noun
wa
- water
Scots
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English weall, ultimately from Latin vallum.
Noun
wa (plural was)
- wall
Verb
wa (third-person singular simple present was, present participle wain, simple past wad, past participle wad)
- to wall
Shark Bay
Noun
wa
- water
Slovincian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *va.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈva/
- Syllabification: wa
Pronoun
wa
- second person dual pronoun you two
Further reading
Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
wa
- to fall
Sumerian
Romanization
wa
- Romanization of 𒉿 (wa)
Swahili
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Verb
-wa (infinitive kuwa)
- to be
- Wewe ni nani? ― Who are you?
- (in positive present) to become
- Inakuwa baridi. ― It is getting cold.
- (auxiliary) dummy verb that takes tense marking while the main verb takes aspect marking
- nilikuwa ninaandika ― I was writing
- (with specified location) stem of -wapo, -wako, or -wamo
- (with na or a form thereof) stem of -wa na
Conjugation
Conjugation of -wa (irregular)
|
Positive present
|
-nakuwa
|
Gnomic
|
ni
|
Subjunctive
|
-we
|
Negative
|
si
|
Imperative singular
|
kuwa
|
|
Infinitives
|
|
Imperatives
|
|
Tensed forms
|
Habitual
|
huwa
|
Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likuwa
|
Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuwa
|
|
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakuwa)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
1st person
|
ninakuwa/nakuwa
|
tunakuwa
|
2nd person
|
unakuwa
|
mnakuwa
|
3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakuwa
|
wanakuwa
|
other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakuwa
|
|
Negative present
|
si
|
Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takuwa
|
Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takuwa
|
|
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -we)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
1st person
|
niwe
|
tuwe
|
2nd person
|
uwe
|
muwe
|
3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awe
|
wawe
|
other classes
|
positive subject concord + -we
|
|
Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siwe
|
Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekuwa
|
Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekuwa
|
Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikuwa
|
Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikuwa
|
Gnomic
|
ni
|
Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekuwa
|
"Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakuwa
|
"Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jawa
|
"If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiwa
|
"If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokuwa
|
Consecutive
|
kawa / positive subject concord + -kawa
|
Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kawe
|
Object concord
|
—
|
|
Relative forms
|
|
|
|
- ^ Only past tense -li- or future tense -taka-. For the present, use general positive.
|
|
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Etymology 2
Particle
wa
- A class inflected form of -a.
- Wa class inflected form of -a.
Tagalog
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Interjection
wa (Baybayin spelling ᜏ)
- shoo; used to drive away pigs and other animals
- used to express surprise, dismay, or sometimes a joke
See also
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Interjection
wâ (Baybayin spelling ᜏ)
- said to make small children and babies laugh (usually said when playing peekaboo)
Etymology 3
Influenced by Baybayin character ᜏ (wa).
Pronunciation
Noun
wa (Baybayin spelling ᜏ)
- The name of the Latin-script letter W/w, in the Abakada alphabet.
- Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) dobolyu
See also
Further reading
- “wa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tapayuna
Etymology 1
From Proto-Northern Jê *ba (“I”) < Proto-Cerrado *waj’ (“I”).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
wa
- I (nominative case)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Northern Jê *mba (“liver”) < Proto-Cerrado *mba (“liver”) < Proto-Jê *mba (“liver”).
Pronunciation
Noun
wa
- liver
Ternate
Etymology
Shortening of the negation particle ua.
Pronunciation
Particle
wa
- sentence-final confirmation particle; isn't it?
- Bira moi rai, wa? ― The rice is already finished, right?
- sentence-final that indicates the speaker knows or should know what is being said
- Ngori tonyodi kolano ua, wa. ― I did not see the king, as you know.
Piring ma riha, wa; ngomi ino misibela romodidi se ngomi.- We divide the plates (red, as you know) between the two of us.
- (literally, “The plates that are red as you know; we here divided them into two for us.”)
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Torres Strait Creole
Adverb
wa
- yes
Tsonga
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
wa
- to fall
Tswana
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
wa
- to fall
Unami
Pronunciation
Pronoun
wa
- this (animate)
See also
Unami demonstrative pronouns
|
Animate
|
Inanimate
|
Obviative
|
Proximal Singular (near the speaker)
|
wa, wàn, wàni
|
yu, yun, yuni
|
yul, yuli
|
Distal Singular (far from the speaker)
|
na, nàn, nàni
|
në, nën, nëni
|
|
Proximal plural (near the speaker)
|
yuki, yuk
|
yuli, yul
|
nèl
|
Distal plural (far from the speaker)
|
nèki, nèk
|
nèl
|
|
Absentative (inaccessible to speaker, deceased) distal singular
|
naka
|
Absentative (inaccessible to speaker, deceased) distal plural
|
nèl
|
Absentative (inaccessible to speaker, deceased) proximal singular
|
waka
|
Venda
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
wa
- to fall
West Flemish
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷod.
Pronoun
wa
- (interrogative) what
West Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian hwā, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
wa
- who (interrogative)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “wa (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
West Makian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Verb
wa
- (intransitive) to stay
Conjugation
Conjugation of wa (action verb)
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
inclusive
|
exclusive
|
1st person
|
tawa
|
mawa
|
awa
|
2nd person
|
nawa
|
fawa
|
3rd person
|
inanimate
|
iwa
|
dawa
|
animate
|
imperative
|
nawa, wa
|
fawa, wa
|
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Adverb
wa
- also
References
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours, Pacific linguistics
Woleaian
Etymology
Cognate with Mokilese war (“canoe”)
Noun
wa
- canoe
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
-wa
- (intransitive) to fall
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Yoruba
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Cognate with Igala wa
Pronunciation
Determiner
wa
- our (first-person plural possessive pronoun)
See also
Yoruba possessive pronouns
|
singular
|
plural or honorific
|
1st person
|
mi
|
wa
|
2nd person
|
(r)ẹ
|
yín
|
3rd person
|
(r)ẹ̀
|
wọn
|
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Verb
wà
- to be (have a location in space)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Verb
wá
- come
- Synonym: bọ̀
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Verb
wá
- to look for
Derived terms
- wájà (“look for a fight”)
Etymology 5
Pronunciation
Verb
wà
- to drive
Derived terms
Zacatepec Chatino
Pronoun
wa
- we (exclusive)
Zarma
Noun
wa
- milk
Zay
Etymology
Cognate to Silt'e (-wa:).
Conjunction
wa
- and
References
- Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind
Zia
Noun
wa
- rain
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-gʊ̀a.
Verb
-wa
- (intransitive) to fall, to drop
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuwa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuwa
|
ukungawi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
yiwa
|
-we
|
Plural
|
yiwani
|
-weni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyawa, ngiwa
|
engiwayo, engiwa
|
ngiwa
|
angiwi
|
engingawi
|
ngingawi
|
2nd singular
|
uyawa, uwa
|
owayo, owa
|
uwa
|
awuwi
|
ongawi
|
ungawi
|
1st plural
|
siyawa, siwa
|
esiwayo, esiwa
|
siwa
|
asiwi
|
esingawi
|
singawi
|
2nd plural
|
niyawa, niwa
|
eniwayo, eniwa
|
niwa
|
aniwi
|
eningawi
|
ningawi
|
Class 1
|
uyawa, uwa
|
owayo, owa
|
ewa
|
akawi
|
ongawi
|
engawi
|
Class 2
|
bayawa, bawa
|
abawayo, abawa
|
bewa
|
abawi
|
abangawi
|
bengawi
|
Class 3
|
uyawa, uwa
|
owayo, owa
|
uwa
|
awuwi
|
ongawi
|
ungawi
|
Class 4
|
iyawa, iwa
|
ewayo, ewa
|
iwa
|
ayiwi
|
engawi
|
ingawi
|
Class 5
|
liyawa, liwa
|
eliwayo, eliwa
|
liwa
|
aliwi
|
elingawi
|
lingawi
|
Class 6
|
ayawa, awa
|
awayo, awa
|
ewa
|
awawi
|
angawi
|
engawi
|
Class 7
|
siyawa, siwa
|
esiwayo, esiwa
|
siwa
|
asiwi
|
esingawi
|
singawi
|
Class 8
|
ziyawa, ziwa
|
eziwayo, eziwa
|
ziwa
|
aziwi
|
ezingawi
|
zingawi
|
Class 9
|
iyawa, iwa
|
ewayo, ewa
|
iwa
|
ayiwi
|
engawi
|
ingawi
|
Class 10
|
ziyawa, ziwa
|
eziwayo, eziwa
|
ziwa
|
aziwi
|
ezingawi
|
zingawi
|
Class 11
|
luyawa, luwa
|
oluwayo, oluwa
|
luwa
|
aluwi
|
olungawi
|
lungawi
|
Class 14
|
buyawa, buwa
|
obuwayo, obuwa
|
buwa
|
abuwi
|
obungawi
|
bungawi
|
Class 15
|
kuyawa, kuwa
|
okuwayo, okuwa
|
kuwa
|
akuwi
|
okungawi
|
kungawi
|
Class 17
|
kuyawa, kuwa
|
okuwayo, okuwa
|
kuwa
|
akuwi
|
okungawi
|
kungawi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiwile, ngiwē
|
engiwile, engiwē
|
ngiwile, ngiwē
|
angiwanga
|
engingawanga
|
ngingawanga
|
2nd singular
|
uwile, uwē
|
owile, owē
|
uwile, uwē
|
awuwanga
|
ongawanga
|
ungawanga
|
1st plural
|
siwile, siwē
|
esiwile, esiwē
|
siwile, siwē
|
asiwanga
|
esingawanga
|
singawanga
|
2nd plural
|
niwile, niwē
|
eniwile, eniwē
|
niwile, niwē
|
aniwanga
|
eningawanga
|
ningawanga
|
Class 1
|
uwile, uwē
|
owile, owē
|
ewile, ewē
|
akawanga
|
ongawanga
|
engawanga
|
Class 2
|
bawile, bawē
|
abawile, abawē
|
bewile, bewē
|
abawanga
|
abangawanga
|
bengawanga
|
Class 3
|
uwile, uwē
|
owile, owē
|
uwile, uwē
|
awuwanga
|
ongawanga
|
ungawanga
|
Class 4
|
iwile, iwē
|
ewile, ewē
|
iwile, iwē
|
ayiwanga
|
engawanga
|
ingawanga
|
Class 5
|
liwile, liwē
|
eliwile, eliwē
|
liwile, liwē
|
aliwanga
|
elingawanga
|
lingawanga
|
Class 6
|
awile, awē
|
awile, awē
|
ewile, ewē
|
awawanga
|
angawanga
|
engawanga
|
Class 7
|
siwile, siwē
|
esiwile, esiwē
|
siwile, siwē
|
asiwanga
|
esingawanga
|
singawanga
|
Class 8
|
ziwile, ziwē
|
eziwile, eziwē
|
ziwile, ziwē
|
aziwanga
|
ezingawanga
|
zingawanga
|
Class 9
|
iwile, iwē
|
ewile, ewē
|
iwile, iwē
|
ayiwanga
|
engawanga
|
ingawanga
|
Class 10
|
ziwile, ziwē
|
eziwile, eziwē
|
ziwile, ziwē
|
aziwanga
|
ezingawanga
|
zingawanga
|
Class 11
|
luwile, luwē
|
oluwile, oluwē
|
luwile, luwē
|
aluwanga
|
olungawanga
|
lungawanga
|
Class 14
|
buwile, buwē
|
obuwile, obuwē
|
buwile, buwē
|
abuwanga
|
obungawanga
|
bungawanga
|
Class 15
|
kuwile, kuwē
|
okuwile, okuwē
|
kuwile, kuwē
|
akuwanga
|
okungawanga
|
kungawanga
|
Class 17
|
kuwile, kuwē
|
okuwile, okuwē
|
kuwile, kuwē
|
akuwanga
|
okungawanga
|
kungawanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāwa
|
engāwa
|
ngāwa
|
angiwanga
|
engingawanga
|
ngingawanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāwa
|
owāwa
|
wāwa
|
awuwanga
|
ongawanga
|
ungawanga
|
1st plural
|
sāwa
|
esāwa
|
sāwa
|
asiwanga
|
esingawanga
|
singawanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāwa
|
enāwa
|
nāwa
|
aniwanga
|
eningawanga
|
ningawanga
|
Class 1
|
wāwa
|
owāwa
|
āwa
|
akawanga
|
ongawanga
|
engawanga
|
Class 2
|
bāwa
|
abāwa
|
bāwa
|
abawanga
|
abangawanga
|
bengawanga
|
Class 3
|
wāwa
|
owāwa
|
wāwa
|
awuwanga
|
ongawanga
|
ungawanga
|
Class 4
|
yāwa
|
eyāwa
|
yāwa
|
ayiwanga
|
engawanga
|
ingawanga
|
Class 5
|
lāwa
|
elāwa
|
lāwa
|
aliwanga
|
elingawanga
|
lingawanga
|
Class 6
|
āwa
|
āwa
|
āwa
|
awawanga
|
angawanga
|
engawanga
|
Class 7
|
sāwa
|
esāwa
|
sāwa
|
asiwanga
|
esingawanga
|
singawanga
|
Class 8
|
zāwa
|
ezāwa
|
zāwa
|
aziwanga
|
ezingawanga
|
zingawanga
|
Class 9
|
yāwa
|
eyāwa
|
yāwa
|
ayiwanga
|
engawanga
|
ingawanga
|
Class 10
|
zāwa
|
ezāwa
|
zāwa
|
aziwanga
|
ezingawanga
|
zingawanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāwa
|
olwāwa
|
lwāwa
|
aluwanga
|
olungawanga
|
lungawanga
|
Class 14
|
bāwa
|
obāwa
|
bāwa
|
abuwanga
|
obungawanga
|
bungawanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāwa
|
okwāwa
|
kwāwa
|
akuwanga
|
okungawanga
|
kungawanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāwa
|
okwāwa
|
kwāwa
|
akuwanga
|
okungawanga
|
kungawanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingawa
|
—
|
ngingawa
|
ngingewe
|
—
|
ngingewe
|
2nd singular
|
ungawa
|
—
|
ungawa
|
ungewe
|
—
|
ungewe
|
1st plural
|
singawa
|
—
|
singawa
|
singewe
|
—
|
singewe
|
2nd plural
|
ningawa
|
—
|
ningawa
|
ningewe
|
—
|
ningewe
|
Class 1
|
angawa
|
—
|
engawa
|
angewe
|
—
|
engewe
|
Class 2
|
bangawa
|
—
|
bengawa
|
bangewe
|
—
|
bengewe
|
Class 3
|
ungawa
|
—
|
ungawa
|
ungewe
|
—
|
ungewe
|
Class 4
|
ingawa
|
—
|
ingawa
|
ingewe
|
—
|
ingewe
|
Class 5
|
lingawa
|
—
|
lingawa
|
lingewe
|
—
|
lingewe
|
Class 6
|
angawa
|
—
|
engawa
|
angewe
|
—
|
engewe
|
Class 7
|
singawa
|
—
|
singawa
|
singewe
|
—
|
singewe
|
Class 8
|
zingawa
|
—
|
zingawa
|
zingewe
|
—
|
zingewe
|
Class 9
|
ingawa
|
—
|
ingawa
|
ingewe
|
—
|
ingewe
|
Class 10
|
zingawa
|
—
|
zingawa
|
zingewe
|
—
|
zingewe
|
Class 11
|
lungawa
|
—
|
lungawa
|
lungewe
|
—
|
lungewe
|
Class 14
|
bungawa
|
—
|
bungawa
|
bungewe
|
—
|
bungewe
|
Class 15
|
kungawa
|
—
|
kungawa
|
kungewe
|
—
|
kungewe
|
Class 17
|
kungawa
|
—
|
kungawa
|
kungewe
|
—
|
kungewe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizokuwa
|
engizokuwa
|
ngizokuwa
|
angizukuwa
|
engingezukuwa
|
ngingezukuwa
|
2nd singular
|
uzokuwa
|
ozokuwa
|
uzokuwa
|
awuzukuwa
|
ongezukuwa
|
ungezukuwa
|
1st plural
|
sizokuwa
|
esizokuwa
|
sizokuwa
|
asizukuwa
|
esingezukuwa
|
singezukuwa
|
2nd plural
|
nizokuwa
|
enizokuwa
|
nizokuwa
|
anizukuwa
|
eningezukuwa
|
ningezukuwa
|
Class 1
|
uzokuwa
|
ozokuwa
|
ezokuwa
|
akazukuwa
|
ongezukuwa
|
engezukuwa
|
Class 2
|
bazokuwa
|
abazokuwa
|
bezokuwa
|
abazukuwa
|
abangezukuwa
|
bengezukuwa
|
Class 3
|
uzokuwa
|
ozokuwa
|
uzokuwa
|
awuzukuwa
|
ongezukuwa
|
ungezukuwa
|
Class 4
|
izokuwa
|
ezokuwa
|
izokuwa
|
ayizukuwa
|
engezukuwa
|
ingezukuwa
|
Class 5
|
lizokuwa
|
elizokuwa
|
lizokuwa
|
alizukuwa
|
elingezukuwa
|
lingezukuwa
|
Class 6
|
azokuwa
|
azokuwa
|
ezokuwa
|
awazukuwa
|
angezukuwa
|
engezukuwa
|
Class 7
|
sizokuwa
|
esizokuwa
|
sizokuwa
|
asizukuwa
|
esingezukuwa
|
singezukuwa
|
Class 8
|
zizokuwa
|
ezizokuwa
|
zizokuwa
|
azizukuwa
|
ezingezukuwa
|
zingezukuwa
|
Class 9
|
izokuwa
|
ezokuwa
|
izokuwa
|
ayizukuwa
|
engezukuwa
|
ingezukuwa
|
Class 10
|
zizokuwa
|
ezizokuwa
|
zizokuwa
|
azizukuwa
|
ezingezukuwa
|
zingezukuwa
|
Class 11
|
luzokuwa
|
oluzokuwa
|
luzokuwa
|
aluzukuwa
|
olungezukuwa
|
lungezukuwa
|
Class 14
|
buzokuwa
|
obuzokuwa
|
buzokuwa
|
abuzukuwa
|
obungezukuwa
|
bungezukuwa
|
Class 15
|
kuzokuwa
|
okuzokuwa
|
kuzokuwa
|
akuzukuwa
|
okungezukuwa
|
kungezukuwa
|
Class 17
|
kuzokuwa
|
okuzokuwa
|
kuzokuwa
|
akuzukuwa
|
okungezukuwa
|
kungezukuwa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyokuwa
|
engiyokuwa
|
ngiyokuwa
|
angiyukuwa
|
engingeyukuwa
|
ngingeyukuwa
|
2nd singular
|
uyokuwa
|
oyokuwa
|
uyokuwa
|
awuyukuwa
|
ongeyukuwa
|
ungeyukuwa
|
1st plural
|
siyokuwa
|
esiyokuwa
|
siyokuwa
|
asiyukuwa
|
esingeyukuwa
|
singeyukuwa
|
2nd plural
|
niyokuwa
|
eniyokuwa
|
niyokuwa
|
aniyukuwa
|
eningeyukuwa
|
ningeyukuwa
|
Class 1
|
uyokuwa
|
oyokuwa
|
eyokuwa
|
akayukuwa
|
ongeyukuwa
|
engeyukuwa
|
Class 2
|
bayokuwa
|
abayokuwa
|
beyokuwa
|
abayukuwa
|
abangeyukuwa
|
bengeyukuwa
|
Class 3
|
uyokuwa
|
oyokuwa
|
uyokuwa
|
awuyukuwa
|
ongeyukuwa
|
ungeyukuwa
|
Class 4
|
iyokuwa
|
eyokuwa
|
iyokuwa
|
ayiyukuwa
|
engeyukuwa
|
ingeyukuwa
|
Class 5
|
liyokuwa
|
eliyokuwa
|
liyokuwa
|
aliyukuwa
|
elingeyukuwa
|
lingeyukuwa
|
Class 6
|
ayokuwa
|
ayokuwa
|
eyokuwa
|
awayukuwa
|
angeyukuwa
|
engeyukuwa
|
Class 7
|
siyokuwa
|
esiyokuwa
|
siyokuwa
|
asiyukuwa
|
esingeyukuwa
|
singeyukuwa
|
Class 8
|
ziyokuwa
|
eziyokuwa
|
ziyokuwa
|
aziyukuwa
|
ezingeyukuwa
|
zingeyukuwa
|
Class 9
|
iyokuwa
|
eyokuwa
|
iyokuwa
|
ayiyukuwa
|
engeyukuwa
|
ingeyukuwa
|
Class 10
|
ziyokuwa
|
eziyokuwa
|
ziyokuwa
|
aziyukuwa
|
ezingeyukuwa
|
zingeyukuwa
|
Class 11
|
luyokuwa
|
oluyokuwa
|
luyokuwa
|
aluyukuwa
|
olungeyukuwa
|
lungeyukuwa
|
Class 14
|
buyokuwa
|
obuyokuwa
|
buyokuwa
|
abuyukuwa
|
obungeyukuwa
|
bungeyukuwa
|
Class 15
|
kuyokuwa
|
okuyokuwa
|
kuyokuwa
|
akuyukuwa
|
okungeyukuwa
|
kungeyukuwa
|
Class 17
|
kuyokuwa
|
okuyokuwa
|
kuyokuwa
|
akuyukuwa
|
okungeyukuwa
|
kungeyukuwa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiwe
|
ngingawi
|
2nd singular
|
uwe
|
ungawi
|
1st plural
|
siwe
|
singawi
|
2nd plural
|
niwe
|
ningawi
|
Class 1
|
awe
|
angawi
|
Class 2
|
bawe
|
bangawi
|
Class 3
|
uwe
|
ungawi
|
Class 4
|
iwe
|
ingawi
|
Class 5
|
liwe
|
lingawi
|
Class 6
|
awe
|
angawi
|
Class 7
|
siwe
|
singawi
|
Class 8
|
ziwe
|
zingawi
|
Class 9
|
iwe
|
ingawi
|
Class 10
|
ziwe
|
zingawi
|
Class 11
|
luwe
|
lungawi
|
Class 14
|
buwe
|
bungawi
|
Class 15
|
kuwe
|
kungawi
|
Class 17
|
kuwe
|
kungawi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngawa
|
ngangawa, angawa, angangawa
|
2nd singular
|
wawa
|
wangawa, awawa, awangawa
|
1st plural
|
sawa
|
sangawa, asawa, asangawa
|
2nd plural
|
nawa
|
nangawa, anawa, anangawa
|
Class 1
|
wawa
|
wangawa, akawa, akangawa
|
Class 2
|
bawa
|
bangawa, abawa, abangawa
|
Class 3
|
wawa
|
wangawa, awawa, awangawa
|
Class 4
|
yawa
|
yangawa, ayawa, ayangawa
|
Class 5
|
lawa
|
langawa, alawa, alangawa
|
Class 6
|
awa
|
angawa, awawa, awangawa
|
Class 7
|
sawa
|
sangawa, asawa, asangawa
|
Class 8
|
zawa
|
zangawa, azawa, azangawa
|
Class 9
|
yawa
|
yangawa, ayawa, ayangawa
|
Class 10
|
zawa
|
zangawa, azawa, azangawa
|
Class 11
|
lwawa
|
lwangawa, alwawa, alwangawa
|
Class 14
|
bawa
|
bangawa, abawa, abangawa
|
Class 15
|
kwawa
|
kwangawa, akwawa, akwangawa
|
Class 17
|
kwawa
|
kwangawa, akwawa, akwangawa
|
Derived terms
References