wiš

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "wis"

Northern Ohlone

Etymology

Compare Southern Ohlone waakse.

Pronoun

wiš

  1. her/him/it (third-person, singular, object pronoun)
    • 1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes‎:
      wiš peṭekne
      the illness struck her

See also

Northern Ohlone personal pronouns
Number Person Subject Object Possesive
Disjunctive1 Proclitic
 Enclitic Disjunctive1 Proclitic Enclitic
Singular First kaana ek- -ek, -k kiš, kaaniš kiš- -kiš ek-, kaanak
Second meene em-, im- -em, -im, -m miš emiš-, imiš-, miš- -miš em-, meenem
Third waaka Ø-2 -Ø2 wiš Ø-2, eš- -Ø2, -eš i-, waakai-
Plural First makkin mak- -mak makkiš, makkinše — — mak-, makkinmak
Second makkam kam- -kam makkamše — — kam-, makkam
Third waakamak ya- -ya yaṭiš — — ya-, waakamak
1Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences or for emphasis, either alone (eg. kaana) or with a clitic (eg. kaana-k ...-ek).
2Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used.
Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine an undergo syncope, eg. ellešk (“let me do to him/her/it”) = elle +‎ -eš +‎ -ek

References

  • María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges)‎, Unpublished
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