winnen

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch winnen, from Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋɪ.nə(n)/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: win‧nen
• Rhymes: -ɪnən

Verb

winnen

1. (transitive or intransitive) to win, to triumph, to be victorious (in)
2. (transitive) to acquire
3. (transitive) to extract, to refine, to harvest (from base materials such as ore or crops)

Inflection

Derived terms

• aanwinnen
• gewinnen
• inwinnen
• overwinnen
• verwinnen
• wie niet waagt, die niet wint
• winnaar
• winning
• winst

Descendants

• Afrikaans: wen
• Berbice Creole Dutch: won
• Negerhollands: win, wind
• → Sranan Tongo: wini
  • → Caribbean Javanese: wini
  • → Kari'na: winimary

Low German

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German winnen, from Old Saxon winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Compare Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, English win, Norwegian vinne, Swedish vinna.

Verb

winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. to win

Conjugation

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German , from Old Saxon windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare German winden, Dutch winden, English wind.

Verb

winnen (past singular wunn, past participle wunnen, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. to wind
2. to wreathe
3. to winch
4. to wrest

Conjugation

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Middle High German wenen, from Old High German wennen, from Proto-Germanic *wanjaną. Cognate with German gewöhnen (with prefix ge-).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvinən/
• Rhymes: -inən

Verb

winnen (third-person singular present winnt, past participle gewinnt, auxiliary verb hunn)

1. (reflexive, with preposition un) to get used to, to adapt to, to familiarise with
2. (transitive) to bring up, to raise, to nurture

Conjugation

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).

Verb

winnen

1. to win, to acquire through effort, to earn
2. to acquire, to get
3. to gain
4. to delve, to mine
5. to conquer, to take
6. (of a male) to beget (a child), to sire
7. (of a female) to give birth to

Inflection

Descendants

• Dutch: winnen
  • Afrikaans: wen
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: won
  • Negerhollands: win, wind
  • → Sranan Tongo: wini
    • → Caribbean Javanese: wini
    • → Kari'na: winimary
• Limburgish: winne

Further reading

• “winnen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “winnen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Alternative forms

• win, winne, wine, when, wynnen, wyn, wynne, wyne
• wen, wene, whin, whyn (Northern)
• winnie, winnien, wunnen, wynnye, wynnyen (Southwestern)
• winnien, wunnen, wynnyen (southwest Midlands)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English winnan, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to labor; to win, gain; to fight, strive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwinən/

Verb

winnen (third-person singular simple present winneth, present participle winnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative wan, past participle wonnen)

1. to exert effort, strive for
2. to fight against, war against
3. to suffer
4. to gain (territory, wisdom, success, a cow, a prize, etc.)
5. to make profit, a living, earn a salary
6. to beget
7. to defeat, triumph over, subjugate
8. to proceed, go
9. to take, remove

Conjugation

Related terms

• awinnen
• biwinnen
• iwinnen
• wynnere
• wynnyng

Descendants

• English: win
• Scots: win

References

• “winnen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.