writen

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *wrītan

Verb

writen

  1. to turn, to twist
  2. to wrap

Inflection

Conjugation of writen (strong class 1)
infinitive base form writen
genitive writens
dative writene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular write wrêet write wrēte
2nd person singular wrijts, writes wrēets, wrētes wrijts, writes wrētes
3rd person singular wrijt, writet wrêet write wrēte
1st person plural writen wrēten writen wrēten
2nd person plural wrijt, writet wrēet, wrētet wrijt, writet wrētet
3rd person plural writen wrēten writen wrēten
imperative
singular wrijt, write
plural wrijt, writet
present past
participle writende gewrēten

Descendants

  • Dutch: wrijten

Further reading

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English wrītan. Cognate to Middle Low German writen and Middle High German rīzen.

Pronunciation

Verb

writen (singular simple past wroot, plural simple past wroten)

  1. To write (draw letters on paper to form words); note the following common specialised senses:
    • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
      And thei sauouriden so his loore that thei wroten it bisili and enforsiden hem to rulen hem theraftir… Maister Ion Aston taughte and wroot acordingli and ful bisili, where and whanne and to whom he myghte, and he vsid it himsilf, I gesse, right perfyghtli vnto his lyues eende.”
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    1. To record in writing; to produce or add to a written document.
    2. To act as a notary or a scribe; to transcribe into or note with writing.
    3. To write about; to cover, discuss, or report on in writing.
    4. To create a written or literary work; to author.
    5. To send a letter or document one wrote off.
    6. To convert into another language; to make a translation of.
  2. To engrave, carve, or scratch
  3. To form words or letters via means other than drawing or engraving.
  4. (rare) To make one's signature or identifying symbol.
  5. (rare) To represent via means other than writing.

Conjugation

Conjugation of writen (strong class 1)
infinitive (to) writen, write
present tense past tense
1st-person singular write wrot
2nd-person singular writest wrote, write, wrot
3rd-person singular writeth wrot
subjunctive singular write wrote1, write1
imperative singular
plural2 writen, write wroten, wrote, writen, write
imperative plural writeth, write
participles writynge, writende writen, write

1 Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

References

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon writan (to write, carve)

Pronunciation

Verb

wrîten

  1. to write
  2. to carve, to scratch

Conjugation

Conjugation of writen as a class 1 strong verb
plain infinitive wrîten
full infinitive (gerund) tô wrîtene or tô wrîtende
verbal noun wrîten or wrîtent
participles imperative
present wrîtende singular wrît
past gewrēten plural wrîtet
indicative subjunctive
present preterite present preterite
1st person singular wrîte wrêt wrîte wrēte
2nd person singular wrîtest or wrîtst wrētest wrîtest wrētest
3rd person singular wrîtet or wrît wrêt wrîtet wrēte
plural wrîten (wrîtet?) wrēten wrîten wrēten

Old English

Pronunciation

Verb

wrīten

  1. plural present subjunctive of wrītan

Verb

writen

  1. plural preterite subjunctive of wrītan

Participle

writen

  1. past participle of wrītan