xubha

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Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-xubha?

  1. (transitive) to brush

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ǁuːba/

Verb

-xubha

  1. (intransitive) to gargle
  2. (transitive) to clean (the teeth)

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive ukuxubha
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuxubha ukungaxubhi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular xubha -xubhe
Plural xubhani -xubheni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaxubha, ngixubha engixubhayo, engixubha ngixubha angixubhi engingaxubhi ngingaxubhi
2nd singular uyaxubha, uxubha oxubhayo, oxubha uxubha awuxubhi ongaxubhi ungaxubhi
1st plural siyaxubha, sixubha esixubhayo, esixubha sixubha asixubhi esingaxubhi singaxubhi
2nd plural niyaxubha, nixubha enixubhayo, enixubha nixubha anixubhi eningaxubhi ningaxubhi
Class 1 uyaxubha, uxubha oxubhayo, oxubha exubha akaxubhi ongaxubhi engaxubhi
Class 2 bayaxubha, baxubha abaxubhayo, abaxubha bexubha abaxubhi abangaxubhi bengaxubhi
Class 3 uyaxubha, uxubha oxubhayo, oxubha uxubha awuxubhi ongaxubhi ungaxubhi
Class 4 iyaxubha, ixubha exubhayo, exubha ixubha ayixubhi engaxubhi ingaxubhi
Class 5 liyaxubha, lixubha elixubhayo, elixubha lixubha alixubhi elingaxubhi lingaxubhi
Class 6 ayaxubha, axubha axubhayo, axubha exubha awaxubhi angaxubhi engaxubhi
Class 7 siyaxubha, sixubha esixubhayo, esixubha sixubha asixubhi esingaxubhi singaxubhi
Class 8 ziyaxubha, zixubha ezixubhayo, ezixubha zixubha azixubhi ezingaxubhi zingaxubhi
Class 9 iyaxubha, ixubha exubhayo, exubha ixubha ayixubhi engaxubhi ingaxubhi
Class 10 ziyaxubha, zixubha ezixubhayo, ezixubha zixubha azixubhi ezingaxubhi zingaxubhi
Class 11 luyaxubha, luxubha oluxubhayo, oluxubha luxubha aluxubhi olungaxubhi lungaxubhi
Class 14 buyaxubha, buxubha obuxubhayo, obuxubha buxubha abuxubhi obungaxubhi bungaxubhi
Class 15 kuyaxubha, kuxubha okuxubhayo, okuxubha kuxubha akuxubhi okungaxubhi kungaxubhi
Class 17 kuyaxubha, kuxubha okuxubhayo, okuxubha kuxubha akuxubhi okungaxubhi kungaxubhi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngixubhile, ngixubhē engixubhile, engixubhē ngixubhile, ngixubhē angixubhanga engingaxubhanga ngingaxubhanga
2nd singular uxubhile, uxubhē oxubhile, oxubhē uxubhile, uxubhē awuxubhanga ongaxubhanga ungaxubhanga
1st plural sixubhile, sixubhē esixubhile, esixubhē sixubhile, sixubhē asixubhanga esingaxubhanga singaxubhanga
2nd plural nixubhile, nixubhē enixubhile, enixubhē nixubhile, nixubhē anixubhanga eningaxubhanga ningaxubhanga
Class 1 uxubhile, uxubhē oxubhile, oxubhē exubhile, exubhē akaxubhanga ongaxubhanga engaxubhanga
Class 2 baxubhile, baxubhē abaxubhile, abaxubhē bexubhile, bexubhē abaxubhanga abangaxubhanga bengaxubhanga
Class 3 uxubhile, uxubhē oxubhile, oxubhē uxubhile, uxubhē awuxubhanga ongaxubhanga ungaxubhanga
Class 4 ixubhile, ixubhē exubhile, exubhē ixubhile, ixubhē ayixubhanga engaxubhanga ingaxubhanga
Class 5 lixubhile, lixubhē elixubhile, elixubhē lixubhile, lixubhē alixubhanga elingaxubhanga lingaxubhanga
Class 6 axubhile, axubhē axubhile, axubhē exubhile, exubhē awaxubhanga angaxubhanga engaxubhanga
Class 7 sixubhile, sixubhē esixubhile, esixubhē sixubhile, sixubhē asixubhanga esingaxubhanga singaxubhanga
Class 8 zixubhile, zixubhē ezixubhile, ezixubhē zixubhile, zixubhē azixubhanga ezingaxubhanga zingaxubhanga
Class 9 ixubhile, ixubhē exubhile, exubhē ixubhile, ixubhē ayixubhanga engaxubhanga ingaxubhanga
Class 10 zixubhile, zixubhē ezixubhile, ezixubhē zixubhile, zixubhē azixubhanga ezingaxubhanga zingaxubhanga
Class 11 luxubhile, luxubhē oluxubhile, oluxubhē luxubhile, luxubhē aluxubhanga olungaxubhanga lungaxubhanga
Class 14 buxubhile, buxubhē obuxubhile, obuxubhē buxubhile, buxubhē abuxubhanga obungaxubhanga bungaxubhanga
Class 15 kuxubhile, kuxubhē okuxubhile, okuxubhē kuxubhile, kuxubhē akuxubhanga okungaxubhanga kungaxubhanga
Class 17 kuxubhile, kuxubhē okuxubhile, okuxubhē kuxubhile, kuxubhē akuxubhanga okungaxubhanga kungaxubhanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāxubha engāxubha ngāxubha angixubhanga engingaxubhanga ngingaxubhanga
2nd singular wāxubha owāxubha wāxubha awuxubhanga ongaxubhanga ungaxubhanga
1st plural sāxubha esāxubha sāxubha asixubhanga esingaxubhanga singaxubhanga
2nd plural nāxubha enāxubha nāxubha anixubhanga eningaxubhanga ningaxubhanga
Class 1 wāxubha owāxubha āxubha akaxubhanga ongaxubhanga engaxubhanga
Class 2 bāxubha abāxubha bāxubha abaxubhanga abangaxubhanga bengaxubhanga
Class 3 wāxubha owāxubha wāxubha awuxubhanga ongaxubhanga ungaxubhanga
Class 4 yāxubha eyāxubha yāxubha ayixubhanga engaxubhanga ingaxubhanga
Class 5 lāxubha elāxubha lāxubha alixubhanga elingaxubhanga lingaxubhanga
Class 6 āxubha āxubha āxubha awaxubhanga angaxubhanga engaxubhanga
Class 7 sāxubha esāxubha sāxubha asixubhanga esingaxubhanga singaxubhanga
Class 8 zāxubha ezāxubha zāxubha azixubhanga ezingaxubhanga zingaxubhanga
Class 9 yāxubha eyāxubha yāxubha ayixubhanga engaxubhanga ingaxubhanga
Class 10 zāxubha ezāxubha zāxubha azixubhanga ezingaxubhanga zingaxubhanga
Class 11 lwāxubha olwāxubha lwāxubha aluxubhanga olungaxubhanga lungaxubhanga
Class 14 bāxubha obāxubha bāxubha abuxubhanga obungaxubhanga bungaxubhanga
Class 15 kwāxubha okwāxubha kwāxubha akuxubhanga okungaxubhanga kungaxubhanga
Class 17 kwāxubha okwāxubha kwāxubha akuxubhanga okungaxubhanga kungaxubhanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaxubha — ngingaxubha ngingexubhe — ngingexubhe
2nd singular ungaxubha — ungaxubha ungexubhe — ungexubhe
1st plural singaxubha — singaxubha singexubhe — singexubhe
2nd plural ningaxubha — ningaxubha ningexubhe — ningexubhe
Class 1 angaxubha — engaxubha angexubhe — engexubhe
Class 2 bangaxubha — bengaxubha bangexubhe — bengexubhe
Class 3 ungaxubha — ungaxubha ungexubhe — ungexubhe
Class 4 ingaxubha — ingaxubha ingexubhe — ingexubhe
Class 5 lingaxubha — lingaxubha lingexubhe — lingexubhe
Class 6 angaxubha — engaxubha angexubhe — engexubhe
Class 7 singaxubha — singaxubha singexubhe — singexubhe
Class 8 zingaxubha — zingaxubha zingexubhe — zingexubhe
Class 9 ingaxubha — ingaxubha ingexubhe — ingexubhe
Class 10 zingaxubha — zingaxubha zingexubhe — zingexubhe
Class 11 lungaxubha — lungaxubha lungexubhe — lungexubhe
Class 14 bungaxubha — bungaxubha bungexubhe — bungexubhe
Class 15 kungaxubha — kungaxubha kungexubhe — kungexubhe
Class 17 kungaxubha — kungaxubha kungexubhe — kungexubhe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoxubha engizoxubha ngizoxubha angizuxubha engingezuxubha ngingezuxubha
2nd singular uzoxubha ozoxubha uzoxubha awuzuxubha ongezuxubha ungezuxubha
1st plural sizoxubha esizoxubha sizoxubha asizuxubha esingezuxubha singezuxubha
2nd plural nizoxubha enizoxubha nizoxubha anizuxubha eningezuxubha ningezuxubha
Class 1 uzoxubha ozoxubha ezoxubha akazuxubha ongezuxubha engezuxubha
Class 2 bazoxubha abazoxubha bezoxubha abazuxubha abangezuxubha bengezuxubha
Class 3 uzoxubha ozoxubha uzoxubha awuzuxubha ongezuxubha ungezuxubha
Class 4 izoxubha ezoxubha izoxubha ayizuxubha engezuxubha ingezuxubha
Class 5 lizoxubha elizoxubha lizoxubha alizuxubha elingezuxubha lingezuxubha
Class 6 azoxubha azoxubha ezoxubha awazuxubha angezuxubha engezuxubha
Class 7 sizoxubha esizoxubha sizoxubha asizuxubha esingezuxubha singezuxubha
Class 8 zizoxubha ezizoxubha zizoxubha azizuxubha ezingezuxubha zingezuxubha
Class 9 izoxubha ezoxubha izoxubha ayizuxubha engezuxubha ingezuxubha
Class 10 zizoxubha ezizoxubha zizoxubha azizuxubha ezingezuxubha zingezuxubha
Class 11 luzoxubha oluzoxubha luzoxubha aluzuxubha olungezuxubha lungezuxubha
Class 14 buzoxubha obuzoxubha buzoxubha abuzuxubha obungezuxubha bungezuxubha
Class 15 kuzoxubha okuzoxubha kuzoxubha akuzuxubha okungezuxubha kungezuxubha
Class 17 kuzoxubha okuzoxubha kuzoxubha akuzuxubha okungezuxubha kungezuxubha
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoxubha engiyoxubha ngiyoxubha angiyuxubha engingeyuxubha ngingeyuxubha
2nd singular uyoxubha oyoxubha uyoxubha awuyuxubha ongeyuxubha ungeyuxubha
1st plural siyoxubha esiyoxubha siyoxubha asiyuxubha esingeyuxubha singeyuxubha
2nd plural niyoxubha eniyoxubha niyoxubha aniyuxubha eningeyuxubha ningeyuxubha
Class 1 uyoxubha oyoxubha eyoxubha akayuxubha ongeyuxubha engeyuxubha
Class 2 bayoxubha abayoxubha beyoxubha abayuxubha abangeyuxubha bengeyuxubha
Class 3 uyoxubha oyoxubha uyoxubha awuyuxubha ongeyuxubha ungeyuxubha
Class 4 iyoxubha eyoxubha iyoxubha ayiyuxubha engeyuxubha ingeyuxubha
Class 5 liyoxubha eliyoxubha liyoxubha aliyuxubha elingeyuxubha lingeyuxubha
Class 6 ayoxubha ayoxubha eyoxubha awayuxubha angeyuxubha engeyuxubha
Class 7 siyoxubha esiyoxubha siyoxubha asiyuxubha esingeyuxubha singeyuxubha
Class 8 ziyoxubha eziyoxubha ziyoxubha aziyuxubha ezingeyuxubha zingeyuxubha
Class 9 iyoxubha eyoxubha iyoxubha ayiyuxubha engeyuxubha ingeyuxubha
Class 10 ziyoxubha eziyoxubha ziyoxubha aziyuxubha ezingeyuxubha zingeyuxubha
Class 11 luyoxubha oluyoxubha luyoxubha aluyuxubha olungeyuxubha lungeyuxubha
Class 14 buyoxubha obuyoxubha buyoxubha abuyuxubha obungeyuxubha bungeyuxubha
Class 15 kuyoxubha okuyoxubha kuyoxubha akuyuxubha okungeyuxubha kungeyuxubha
Class 17 kuyoxubha okuyoxubha kuyoxubha akuyuxubha okungeyuxubha kungeyuxubha
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngixubhe ngingaxubhi
2nd singular uxubhe ungaxubhi
1st plural sixubhe singaxubhi
2nd plural nixubhe ningaxubhi
Class 1 axubhe angaxubhi
Class 2 baxubhe bangaxubhi
Class 3 uxubhe ungaxubhi
Class 4 ixubhe ingaxubhi
Class 5 lixubhe lingaxubhi
Class 6 axubhe angaxubhi
Class 7 sixubhe singaxubhi
Class 8 zixubhe zingaxubhi
Class 9 ixubhe ingaxubhi
Class 10 zixubhe zingaxubhi
Class 11 luxubhe lungaxubhi
Class 14 buxubhe bungaxubhi
Class 15 kuxubhe kungaxubhi
Class 17 kuxubhe kungaxubhi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaxubha ngangaxubha, angaxubha, angangaxubha
2nd singular waxubha wangaxubha, awaxubha, awangaxubha
1st plural saxubha sangaxubha, asaxubha, asangaxubha
2nd plural naxubha nangaxubha, anaxubha, anangaxubha
Class 1 waxubha wangaxubha, akaxubha, akangaxubha
Class 2 baxubha bangaxubha, abaxubha, abangaxubha
Class 3 waxubha wangaxubha, awaxubha, awangaxubha
Class 4 yaxubha yangaxubha, ayaxubha, ayangaxubha
Class 5 laxubha langaxubha, alaxubha, alangaxubha
Class 6 axubha angaxubha, awaxubha, awangaxubha
Class 7 saxubha sangaxubha, asaxubha, asangaxubha
Class 8 zaxubha zangaxubha, azaxubha, azangaxubha
Class 9 yaxubha yangaxubha, ayaxubha, ayangaxubha
Class 10 zaxubha zangaxubha, azaxubha, azangaxubha
Class 11 lwaxubha lwangaxubha, alwaxubha, alwangaxubha
Class 14 baxubha bangaxubha, abaxubha, abangaxubha
Class 15 kwaxubha kwangaxubha, akwaxubha, akwangaxubha
Class 17 kwaxubha kwangaxubha, akwaxubha, akwangaxubha

References

Wikious
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