ym-

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See also: ym, Ym, and ym.

Manx

Prefix

ym-

  1. circum-, peri-, around

Derived terms

Category Manx terms prefixed with ym- not found

Welsh

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (round about, around). Cognate with Cornish om-, Latin amb- (around, about), ambi- (both), English um-, umb- (around, about), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, around, about).

Pronunciation

Prefix

ym-

  1. self, reflexive prefix
    ym- + ‎golchi (wash) → ‎ymolchi (wash oneself, have a wash)
    ym- + ‎uno (to unite) → ‎ymuno (to join)
    ym- + ‎diswyddo (dismiss, discharge) → ‎ymddiswyddo (resign)
  2. each other, mutual, reciprocal prefix
    ym- + ‎gweld (to see) → ‎ymweld (to visit)
    ym- + ‎lladd (to kill) → ‎ymladd (to fight)
    ym- + ‎holi (ask) → ‎ymholi (to inquire)

Usage notes

In many words, the original reflexive or reciprocal force of this prefix has now been lost and the relationship between the root and derived words is not always apparent, e.g. ymosod (to attack) from gosod (to put, to place), ymollwng (to succumb, to flop) from gollwng (to leak, to drop).

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of ym-
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ym- unchanged unchanged hym-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i 4

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ym-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies