ziehen

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German

Etymology

From Middle High German ziehen, from Old High German ziohan, from Proto-West Germanic *teuhan, from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (to pull, lead).

Cognate with Low German tehn, Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (tiuhan), Middle Dutch tīen, Old English tēon, Old Norse toga, West Frisian tsjen. Compare obsolete English tee (to draw, lead, proceed) and from the same root as English tie.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡siːən/, /t͡siːn/
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Verb

ziehen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present zieht, past tense zog, past participle gezogen, past subjunctive zöge, auxiliary haben or sein)

  1. (transitive or intransitive) to pull (e.g., a door handle); to drag
    Antonym: drücken
  2. (transitive) to draw (e.g. a weapon); to extract; to puff
  3. (transitive) to draw (a conclusion, lesson, etc.)
    • 2010, Der Spiegel, number 25/2010, page 77:
      Es gilt deshalb, die richtigen Lehren aus der Krise zu ziehen, aus den Fehlern der Vergangenheit zu lernen, um die Zukunft zu sichern.
      Therefore it is necessary to draw the right lessons from the crisis, to learn from the mistakes of the past for securing the future.
  4. (impersonal, intransitive) to be drafty; there to be a draft (current of air)
    Es zieht.There’s a draft.
  5. (intransitive) to move; to migrate
    Ich ziehe nach Hamburg, aber mein Bruder zieht in eine andere Stadt.
    I'm moving to Hamburg, but my brother is moving to another city.
  6. (intransitive) to roam; to head
  7. (reflexive) to stretch; to warp

Conjugation

  • In early modern German, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd persons singular present and the imperative singular were alternatively ich zeuch, du zeuchst, er zeucht, zeuch!

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Middle High German

Etymology

Inherited from Old High German ziohan, from Proto-West Germanic *teuhan, from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną. Cognates: see German ziehen.

Verb

ziehen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present ziuhet, past tense zôch, past participle gezogen, past subjunctive zühe, auxiliary hân)

  1. to pull

Conjugation

Descendants

References

  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “ziehen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel