zinda

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See also: Zinda

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-zinda (infinitive kuzinda)

  1. to be firm, be tough, stay in place

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zinda
Positive present -nazinda
Subjunctive -zinde
Negative -zindi
Imperative singular zinda
Infinitives
Positive kuzinda
Negative kutozinda
Imperatives
Singular zinda
Plural zindeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzinda
Positive past positive subject concord + -lizinda
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzinda
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazinda)
Singular Plural
1st person ninazinda/nazinda tunazinda
2nd person unazinda mnazinda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazinda wanazinda
other classes positive subject concord + -nazinda
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zindi)
Singular Plural
1st person sizindi hatuzindi
2nd person huzindi hamzindi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazindi hawazindi
other classes negative subject concord + -zindi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazinda
Negative future negative subject concord + -tazinda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zinde)
Singular Plural
1st person nizinde tuzinde
2nd person uzinde mzinde
3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinde wazinde
other classes positive subject concord + -zinde
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizinde
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezinda
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezinda
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizinda
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizinda
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azinda)
Singular Plural
1st person nazinda twazinda
2nd person wazinda mwazinda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinda wazinda
m-mi(III/IV) wazinda yazinda
ji-ma(V/VI) lazinda yazinda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazinda vyazinda
n(IX/X) yazinda zazinda
u(XI) wazinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwazinda
pa(XVI) pazinda
mu(XVIII) mwazinda
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezinda
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshazinda
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazinda
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kizinda
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipozinda
Consecutive kazinda / positive subject concord + -kazinda
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazinde
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nizinda -tuzinda
2nd person -kuzinda -wazinda/-kuzindeni/-wazindeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzinda -wazinda
m-mi(III/IV) -uzinda -izinda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lizinda -yazinda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizinda -vizinda
n(IX/X) -izinda -zizinda
u(XI) -uzinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuzinda
pa(XVI) -pazinda
mu(XVIII) -muzinda
Reflexive -jizinda
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zinda- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -zindaye -zindao
m-mi(III/IV) -zindao -zindayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -zindalo -zindayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zindacho -zindavyo
n(IX/X) -zindayo -zindazo
u(XI) -zindao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -zindako
pa(XVI) -zindapo
mu(XVIII) -zindamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zinda)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yezinda -ozinda
m-mi(III/IV) -ozinda -yozinda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lozinda -yozinda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozinda -vyozinda
n(IX/X) -yozinda -zozinda
u(XI) -ozinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kozinda
pa(XVI) -pozinda
mu(XVIII) -mozinda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia