ǿpa

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Old Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wōpijaną. Cognate with Old English wēpan (whence English weep).

Verb

ǿpa

  1. to cry out, shout
    • 800s, Anonymous, Hávamǫ́l (‘the speeches of the High One’), stanza 138
      Við hlęifi mik sældut / né við hornigi
      nýsta’k niðr / nam’k upp rúnar
      ǿpandi nam / fell’k aptr þaðan.
      By loaf one gladdened me not, nor by any horn; I peered down, I took up the runes; screaming I took them; I fell back thence.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ǿpa — active (weak class 1)
infinitive ǿpa
present participle ǿpandi
past participle ǿptr
indicative present past
1st-person singular ǿpi ǿpta
2nd-person singular ǿpir ǿptir
3rd-person singular ǿpir ǿpti
1st-person plural ǿpum ǿptum
2nd-person plural ǿpið ǿptuð
3rd-person plural ǿpa ǿptu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular ǿpa ǿpta
2nd-person singular ǿpir ǿptir
3rd-person singular ǿpi ǿpti
1st-person plural ǿpim ǿptim
2nd-person plural ǿpið ǿptið
3rd-person plural ǿpi ǿpti
imperative present
2nd-person singular ǿp, ǿpi
1st-person plural ǿpum
2nd-person plural ǿpið
Conjugation of ǿpa — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive ǿpask
present participle ǿpandisk
past participle ǿpzk
indicative present past
1st-person singular ǿpumk ǿptumk
2nd-person singular ǿpisk ǿptisk
3rd-person singular ǿpisk ǿptisk
1st-person plural ǿpumsk ǿptumsk
2nd-person plural ǿpizk ǿptuzk
3rd-person plural ǿpask ǿptusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular ǿpumk ǿptumk
2nd-person singular ǿpisk ǿptisk
3rd-person singular ǿpisk ǿptisk
1st-person plural ǿpimsk ǿptimsk
2nd-person plural ǿpizk ǿptizk
3rd-person plural ǿpisk ǿptisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular ǿpsk, ǿpisk
1st-person plural ǿpumsk
2nd-person plural ǿpizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: æpa
  • Faroese: øpa, epa
  • Norwegian Bokmål: øpe
  • Old Swedish: ø̄pa
  • Old Danish: ø̄pæ
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