κρίνω

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See also: κρινῶ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kríňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *kri-n-ye-, from *krey- (to sift, separate). Cognates include English rinse, Latin cernō (I separate, discern), and Welsh gogrynu.[1]

The root of the verb was originally short, but the Attic–Ionic–Doric present tense κρῑ́νω (krī́nō) has a long (ī) because the vowel of the root was compensatorily lengthened after the shortening of Proto-Hellenic *ňň, and the aorist ἔκρῑνᾰ (ékrīnă) has long (ī) because of compensatory lengthening after the loss of the aorist tense-marker /s/ in the original form /ekrin-sa/. The Aeolic present κρῐ́ννω (krĭ́nnō) and aorist ἔκρῐννε (ékrĭnne) have a short (ĭ) and doubled νν (nn) because the consonant ν (n) was compensatorily lengthened instead of the vowel.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

κρῑ́νω (krī́nō)

  1. (transitive) to separate, divide, part, distinguish between two things or people or among a group of things or people
  2. (transitive) to order, arrange
  3. to inquire, investigate
  4. to select, choose, prefer
  5. (transitive) to decide a dispute or contest, with accusative of the contest or dispute, or accusative of a person involved in the contest or dispute; (intransitive) to pass judgement, come to a decision
    1. (middle voice, passive voice) to have a contest decided
    2. (middle voice and passive voice) to contend, dispute, quarrel
  6. to decide or judge
  7. to discern between good and bad
  8. to judge, pronounce
  9. to bring to court, accuse
  10. to pass sentence on, condemn, criticize
  11. to secrete

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Greek: κρίνω (kríno)
  • Mariupol Greek: крину (krinu)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρῑ́νω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 780-1

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek κρίνω, from Proto-Hellenic *kríňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *kri-n-ye-, from *krey-.

Pronunciation

Verb

κρίνω (kríno) (imperfect έκρινα, past έκρινα, passive κρίνομαι) passive past: κρίθηκα

  1. to judge, assess, decide

Conjugation

Verbs -and see their derivatives-
Other related words