πῦρ

From Proto-Hellenic *pāwər, from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥. The noun was changed to a pure R-stem noun; if it retained the oblique N-stem forms of its ancestor, its oblique base would have been *pun- (written *πυν-).

Cognates include Old English fȳr (English fire), Old Armenian հուր (hur), Hittite 𒉺𒀪𒄯 (paḫḫur), Tocharian A por, and Tocharian B puwar. Compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀢𐀏𐀺 (pu-ka-wo /⁠pur-kawos⁠/, “fire-kindler”), Etruscan 𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌔𐌄 (verse).

πῦρ • (pûr) n (genitive πῠρός); third declension

1. a fire
   1. a funerary fire
   2. a sacrificial fire
2. lightning
3. a fever

Not used in plural, but there is a related second-declension plural noun πῠρᾰ́ (purá, “watchfires”); distinguish this from the first-declension noun πῠρᾱ́ (purā́, “funeral pyre”).

• Greek: πυρ (pyr)
• English: pyro-

• “πῦρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πῦρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πῦρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πῦρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πῦρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πῦρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4442 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • blaze idem, page 82.
  • conflagration idem, page 159.
  • fire idem, page 322.
  • flame idem, page 325.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1260-1
• “πῦρ”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011