се
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Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
се • (se)
- (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си (sebe si), part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
- (reciprocal, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
- Synonym: един друг (edin drug)
- (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
- Петър се обиди.
- Petǎr se obidi.
- Petаr became/was offended.
- (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
- (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
- (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
- (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *śe, from Proto-Uralic *śe (“it”). Cognates include Moksha ся (śa), Finnish se, Estonian see.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
се • (śe)
- (demonstrative) that
- седе мейле ― śeďe mejľe ― after that
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | се (śe) | сеть (śeť), сетне (śetńe) |
| genitive | сень (śeń) | сетнень (śetńeń) |
| dative | сенень (śeńeń) | сетненень (śetńeńeń) |
| ablative | седе (śeďe) | сетнеде (śetńeďe) |
| inessive | сеньсэ (śeńse), сень эйсэ (śeń ejse) | сетнесэ (śetńese) |
| elative | сеньстэ (śeńste), сень эйстэ (śeń ejste) | сетнестэ (śetńeste) |
| illative | сеньс (śeńs), сень эйс (śeń ejs) | сетнес (śetńes) |
| prolative | сеньга (śeńga), сень эзга (śeń ezga) | сетнева (śetńeva) |
| translative | сень эзкс (śeń ezks) | сетнекс (śetńeks) |
| abessive | сентеме (śenťeme) | сетневтеме (śetńevťeme) |
| comparative | сеньшка (śeńška) | сетнешка (śetńeška) |
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “се”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #59 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Ingush
Etymology
Noun
се • (se)
Macedonian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
се • (se)
- Short reflexive direct object pronoun (all persons).
- (reflexive, clitic) the accusative short form of the reflexive pronoun себе си, part of reflexive verbs, denoting that the subject is simultaneously the direct object; corresponds to myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
- (reciprocal pronoun, clitic) accusative reciprocal pronoun, denoting that the agents perform the mutual actions among themselves; corresponds to each other, one another
- (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of autocausative verbs, denoting that the referent represented by the subject combines the activity of actor and undergoes a change of state like a patient
- Петар се навреди.
- Petar se navredi.
- Peter became offended.
- (reflexive, clitic) reflexive pronoun, part of anticausative verbs, denoting that the subject of the verb undergoes an action or change of state whose agent is unclear or nonexistent
- (reflexive, clitic) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and undetermined agent
- (reflexive, clitic, formal) used for passive constructions with transitive verbs and determined agent
- (reflexive, clitic) inherent part of an unergative reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry
Russian
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Pronoun
се • (sjo)
- Alternative spelling of сё (sjo)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.
Pronoun
се (Latin spelling se)
- oneself (clitic form of reflexive pronoun)
- (by extension, impersonal) Used to convey the meaning of the English passive voice in the third person where the impersonal subject does the verb unto itself
Declension
Declension of се
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sь.
Particle
се (Latin spelling se)
- (obsolete) this is; here is
- 1404, anonymous, Kočerin tablet, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
- се лежи вигань милошевиꙉь
- Here lies Viganj Milošević.
Tajik
| < 2 | 3 | 4 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : се (se) Ordinal : сеюм (seyum) | ||
Etymology
From Middle Persian (sh /sē/), from Old Persian 𐏂 (ç /çi-/), from Proto-Iranian *θráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate with Persian سه (se), Albanian tre, Ancient Greek τρεῖς (treîs), Sanskrit त्रि (tri), Old English þrēo (whence English three), Latin trēs, Old Armenian երեք (erekʻ).
Numeral
се • (se)