сур
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Невтиця сур. 
сур
Сур.
Сур.
Bulgarian
Etymology
Continues Old Church Slavonic соуръ (surŭ), probably of Oghur or Kipchak (Cuman) origin cognate with Kazakh сұр (sūr, “gray”) (possibly from Proto-Turkic *sǖr- (“to vade away”)) or from an o-grade of Proto-Slavic *syrъ (“raw, damp”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
сур • (sur)
Declension
Positive forms of сур
Comparative forms of сур
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | по́-су́р pó-súr |
по́-су́ра pó-súra |
по́-су́ро pó-súro |
по́-су́ри pó-súri |
| definite (subject form) |
по́-су́рият pó-súrijat |
по́-су́рата pó-súrata |
по́-су́рото pó-súroto |
по́-су́рите pó-súrite |
| definite (object form) |
по́-су́рия pó-súrija |
Superlative forms of сур
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | на́й-су́р náj-súr |
на́й-су́ра náj-súra |
на́й-су́ро náj-súro |
на́й-су́ри náj-súri |
| definite (subject form) |
на́й-су́рият náj-súrijat |
на́й-су́рата náj-súrata |
на́й-су́рото náj-súroto |
на́й-су́рите náj-súrite |
| definite (object form) |
на́й-су́рия náj-súrija |
See also
| бял (bjal) | сив (siv), сяр (sjar), сур (sur), грив (griv) | черен (čeren), вран (vran), вакъл (vakǎl), смугъл (smugǎl) |
| ален (alen); червен (červen), румен (rumen), риж (riž); багър (bagǎr) | оранжев (oranžev), гранив (graniv), руд (rud); кафяв (kafjav), смядов (smjadov) | жълт (žǎlt); бежов (bežov), кремав (kremav) |
| резедав (rezedav) | зелен (zelen) | |
| плав (plav) | небесносин (nebesnosin), лазурен (lazuren) | син (sin); модър (modǎr) |
| виолетов (violetov), вишняв (višnjav); индиго (indigo) | цикламен (ciklamen); лилав (lilav), пурпурен (purpuren) | розов (rozov) |
References
- “сур”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “сур”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 579
Anagrams
- рус (rus)
Chuvash
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sōd- (“to spit”).[1][2]
Cognate with Old Uyghur swd (sod-, “to spit”).
Verb
сур • (sur)
- (transitive) to spit
- (transitive) to soak (to penetrate or permeate by saturation)
- (transitive) to spout, to regurgitate (of a bonfire spouting sparks or of an erupting volcano)
- (transitive) to conjure
Derived terms
- сурчӑк (surč̬ăk)
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
сур • (sur)
- (intransitive) to ache
References
- ^ Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “сур”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka (in Russian), volume II, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 65
- ^ Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “сур”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 196
Further reading
- “сур”, in Электронлă сăмахсар (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *sur, from Proto-Finno-Permic *sorme. Cognate with Moksha сур (sur), Finnish sormi, Estonian sõrm, Livonian suoŗm, Northern Sami suorbma.
Pronunciation
Noun
сур • (sur)
- finger
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 84:
- Śulmsit staka, akandovi berem’at i vatškyt lavtomst langs lomatnenen, a syńs sursojak a tokšit synenst.
- They tie up heavy, cumbersome loads and put them on other people’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to lift a finger to move them.
Declension
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “сур”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс, Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #1571 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Kalmyk
Etymology
From Proto-Mongolic *sur, compare Mongolian сур (sur).
Noun
сур • (sur)
Komi-Permyak
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *sur.
Pronunciation
Noun
сур • (sur)
Declension
| Declension of сур (stem: сур-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | сур (sur) | суррез (surrez) | |
| accusative | I* | сур (sur) | суррез (surrez) |
| II* | сурӧс (surös) | суррезӧс (surrezös) | |
| instrumental | сурӧн (surön) | суррезӧн (surrezön) | |
| comitative | суркӧт (surköt) | суррезкӧт (surrezköt) | |
| caritive | суртӧг (surtög) | суррезтӧг (surreztög) | |
| consecutive | сурла (surla) | суррезла (surrezla) | |
| genitive | сурлӧн (surlön) | суррезлӧн (surrezlön) | |
| ablative | сурлісь (surliś) | суррезлісь (surrezliś) | |
| dative | сурлӧ (surlö) | суррезлӧ (surrezlö) | |
| inessive | сурын (suryn) | суррезын (surrezyn) | |
| elative | сурись (suriś) | суррезісь (surreziś) | |
| illative | сурӧ (surö) | суррезӧ (surrezö) | |
| egressive | сурсянь (surśań) | суррезсянь (surrezśań) | |
| approximative | сурлань (surlań) | суррезлань (surrezlań) | |
| terminative | I | сурӧдз (surödź) | суррезӧдз (surrezödź) |
| II | сурви (survi) | суррезви (surrezvi) | |
| prolative | сурӧт (suröt) | суррезӧт (surrezöt) | |
| *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. | |||
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References
- P. S. Kuznecov, A. M. Sporova (1946) “пиво”, in Русско-Коми-Пермяцкӧй словарь, Kudymkar: Комипермгиз
- G. I. Nemtinova, V. V. Fedoseeva, L. F. Yarkova (1993) “сур”, in V. N. Kokoleva, editor, Коми-пермяцко-русский русско-коми-пермяцкий словарь, Kudymkar: Коми-Пермяцкӧй книжнӧй издательство
Komi-Zyrian
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *sur, borrowed from an Indo-Iranian language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súraH.
Cognate with Udmurt сур (sur) and Komi-Permyak сур (sur).
Pronunciation
Noun
сур • (sur)
Declension
| Declension of сур (stem: сур-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | сур (sur) | суръяс (surjas) | |
| accusative | I* | сур (sur) | суръяс (surjas) |
| II* | сурӧс (surös) | суръясӧс (surjasös) | |
| instrumental | сурӧн (surön) | суръясӧн (surjasön) | |
| comitative | суркӧд (surköd) | суръяскӧд (surjasköd) | |
| caritive | суртӧг (surtög) | суръястӧг (surjastög) | |
| consecutive | сурла (surla) | суръясла (surjasla) | |
| genitive | сурлӧн (surlön) | суръяслӧн (surjaslön) | |
| ablative | сурлысь (surlyś) | суръяслысь (surjaslyś) | |
| dative | сурлы (surly) | суръяслы (surjasly) | |
| inessive | сурын (suryn) | суръясын (surjasyn) | |
| elative | сурысь (suryś) | суръясысь (surjasyś) | |
| illative | сурӧ (surö) | суръясӧ (surjasö) | |
| egressive | сурсянь (surśań) | суръяссянь (surjasśań) | |
| approximative | сурлань (surlań) | суръяслань (surjaslań) | |
| terminative | сурӧдз (surödź) | суръясӧдз (surjasödź) | |
| prolative | I | сурӧд (suröd) | суръясӧд (surjasöd) |
| II | сурті (surti) | суръясті (surjasti) | |
| *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. | |||
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References
- L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь, →ISBN, page 616
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *surmə̑ from Proto-Finno-Ugric *sorme (“finger”). Cognate with Erzya сур (sur), Estonian sõrm, Livonian suorm.
Noun
сур • (sur)
References
• V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ , Saransk, →ISBN
Mongolian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsʊr̥/
- Syllabification: сур (1 syllable)
Noun
сур • (sur)
Russian
Pronunciation
Noun
сур • (sur) f inan pl
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Compare суров.
Pronunciation
Adjective
су̑р (Latin spelling sȗr, definite су̑рӣ)
- (expressively, language of literature) ash-gray
- (expressively, language of literature, figuratively) gray, gloomy (of weather)
- (expressively, language of literature, figuratively) glum, stern, scowling, sullen (of person's face or mood)
Declension
indefinite forms
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | сур | сура | суро | |
| genitive | сура | суре | сура | |
| dative | суру | сурој | суру | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
сур сура |
суру | суро |
| vocative | сур | сура | суро | |
| locative | суру | сурој | суру | |
| instrumental | сурим | суром | сурим | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | сури | суре | сура | |
| genitive | сурих | сурих | сурих | |
| dative | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
| accusative | суре | суре | сура | |
| vocative | сури | суре | сура | |
| locative | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
| instrumental | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
definite forms
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | сури | сура | суро | |
| genitive | сурог(а) | суре | сурог(а) | |
| dative | суром(у/е) | сурој | суром(у/е) | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
сури сурог(а) |
суру | суро |
| vocative | сури | сура | суро | |
| locative | суром(е/у) | сурој | суром(е/у) | |
| instrumental | сурим | суром | сурим | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | сури | суре | сура | |
| genitive | сурих | сурих | сурих | |
| dative | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
| accusative | суре | суре | сура | |
| vocative | сури | суре | сура | |
| locative | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
| instrumental | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | сурим(а) | |
References
- “сур”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Southern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *sūr. Compare to Kazakh сұр (sūr, “light brown”), Kyrgyz сур (sur),Karaim sur (“reddish brown”), Kumyk сюр (sür, “light brown”), Bashkir һоро (horo), Tatar соры (sorı), Uzbek sur, Turkmen sūr, etc.
Adjective
сур • (sur)
Related terms
Udmurt
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *sur (“beer”), borrowed from an Indo-Iranian language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súraH (compare Sanskrit सुरा (surā) and Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬁 (hurā)). Cognates include Komi-Zyrian сур (sur) and Komi-Permyak сур (sur).
Pronunciation
Noun
сур • (sur)
Declension
Declension of сур (soft declension, no plural)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | сур sur |
| accusative | сурез surez |
| genitive | сурлэн surlen |
| dative | сурлы surly |
| ablative | сурлэсь surleś |
| instrumental | сурен suren |
| abessive | суртэк surtek |
| adverbial | суръя surja |
| inessive | сурын suryn |
| illative | суре sure |
| elative | сурысь suryś |
| egressive | сурысьен suryśjen |
| terminative | сурозь suroź |
| prolative | суретӥ sureti |
| allative | сурлань surlań |
Possessive forms of сур
1st singular possessive forms of сур
2nd singular possessive forms of сур
3rd singular possessive forms of сур
1st plural possessive forms of сур
2nd plural possessive forms of сур
References
- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “сур”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам, Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 616
- Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 227
Yakut
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *sūr. See the Southern Altai term above for more cognates.
This term may or may not be related with Russian серый (seryj). Compare its etymology and that of the Bulgarian term above.
Adjective
сур • (sur)
See also
| үрүҥ (ürüñ), маҥан (mañan), (less common) ак (ak) |
бороҥ (boroñ), сур (sur) | хара (qara) |
| кыһыл (kıhıl), тэтэркэй (teterkey); | ; кугас (kugas) | араҕас (arağas), саһархай (saharqay); хоҥор (qoñor) |
| күөх (küöq) | от күөҕэ (ot küöğe); | |
| халлаан күөх (qallaan küöq); күөх (küöq) | ||
| ; | ; | кыһаан (kıhaan) |
Etymology 2
Noun
сур • (sur)
- The sound of rustling.
Derived terms
- сур гын (sur gın, “to rustle”)