топъл

From Proto-Slavic *toplъ (in South Slavic), cognate with Old Church Slavonic топлъ (toplŭ), Macedonian топол (topol), Serbo-Croatian tȍpao. In other Slavic branches, the lemma is encountered with e-grade vocalism: e.g. Russian тёплый (tjóplyj), Polish ciepły.

Formally comparable with Bulgarian топо́ла (topóla, “poplar”) and Bulgarian те́пам (tépam, “to beat, to bash”), but the genetic relation between them is questionable.

• IPA^(key):

то́пъл • (tópǎl) (adverb то́пло, abstract noun топлота́ or топлина́)

1. warm (having a temperature slightly higher than usual, but still pleasant)
2. warm (being something that causes warmth)
3. warm (having a color in the red-orange-yellow part of the visible electromagnetic spectrum)

   то́пли цветове́ ― tópli cvetové ― warm colors, hues

4. (of the weather) mild
5. affectionate, cordial, hearty, warm, genial, kindly

• то́пля impf (tóplja), то́плям pf (tópljam, “to warm”)
• топли́к (toplík, “warmth”)
• топли́во (toplívo, “fuel”)
• топли́нен (toplínen), топли́вен (toplíven, “thermal”)

• “топъл”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “топъл”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010