хрен
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Хрен (1)
хрен
Russian
Alternative forms
- хрѣнъ (xrěn) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic хрѣнъ (xrěnŭ)?, from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ (“horseradish”).
Noun
хрен • (xren) m inan (genitive хре́на or хрена́*, nominative plural хре́ны, genitive plural хре́нов, relational adjective хрено́вый) (* See usage notes.)
- horseradish (plant, condiment)
- 1842, Николай Гоголь [Nikolai Gogol], “Том I, Глава IV”, in Мёртвые души; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Dead Souls, London: Chatto & Windus, 1922:
- Поросё́нок есть? — с таки́м вопро́сом обрати́лся Чи́чиков к стоя́вшей ба́бе.
— Есть.
— С хре́ном и со смета́ною?
— С хре́ном и со смета́ною.
— Дава́й его́ сюда́!- Porosjónok jestʹ? — s takím voprósom obratílsja Číčikov k stojávšej bábe.
— Jestʹ.
— S xrénom i so smetánoju?
— S xrénom i so smetánoju.
— Daváj jevó sjudá! - 'Have you any sucking-pig?' was the question Tchitchikov addressed to the woman.
'Yes, we have.'
'With horse-radish and sour cream?'
'Yes, with horse-radish and sour cream.'
'Let me have some!'
- Porosjónok jestʹ? — s takím voprósom obratílsja Číčikov k stojávšej bábe.
Declension
Etymology 2
Euphemistic alteration of хуй (xuj, a vulgar curse) or хер (xer, a less vulgar version), influenced by the noun хрен (xren, “horseradish”).
Noun
хрен • (xren) m inan or m anim (genitive хре́на, nominative plural хре́ны, genitive plural хре́нов, relational adjective хрено́вый)
- (inanimate, minced oath, colloquial) prick (penis); used as a general curse: crap, hell, nuts
- Synonyms: (vulgar) хуй (xuj), (vulgar) хер (xer), (euphemism) шиш (šiš), (euphemism) фиг (fig)
- Ни хрена́ не понима́ю, как э́то собра́ть. (note the stress) ― Ni xrená ne ponimáju, kak éto sobrátʹ. ― I understand bugger-all about how to put this together.
- Како́го хре́на он пришёл? (note the stress) ― Kakóvo xréna on prišól? ― What the hell did he come for?
- Хре́н тебе́! (note the stress) ― Xrén tebé! ― Nuts to you!
- (animate, derogatory, colloquial) prick, asshole (a term of contempt for a man)
- (animate, derogatory, colloquial) old fart
- Synonyms: хрыч (xryč), ста́рый хрыч (stáryj xryč)
Usage notes
- When used in the expressions ни хрена́ (ni xrená) and до хрена́ (do xrená), the last syllable should be stressed.
Declension
Declension of хрен (bian masc-form hard-stem accent-a irreg)
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | хре́н xrén |
хре́ны xrény | |
| genitive | хре́на, хрена́△* xréna, xrená△* |
хре́нов xrénov | |
| dative | хре́ну xrénu |
хре́нам xrénam | |
| accusative | animate | хре́на, хрена́△* xréna, xrená△* |
хре́нов xrénov |
| inanimate | хре́н xrén |
хре́ны xrény | |
| instrumental | хре́ном xrénom |
хре́нами xrénami | |
| prepositional | хре́не xréne |
хре́нах xrénax | |
△ Irregular.
* See usage notes.
Derived terms
- хрено́вина f (xrenóvina), хреноте́нь f (xrenoténʹ), хрень f (xrenʹ), хренову́ха f (xrenovúxa)
- хре́нов (xrénov), хрено́вый (xrenóvyj)
- охренева́ть impf (oxrenevátʹ), охрене́ть pf (oxrenétʹ)
- хрен с горы́ (xren s gorý)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ.
Pronunciation
Noun
хре̏н m (Latin spelling hrȅn)
Declension
Declension of хрен
Further reading
- “хрен”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024