את

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Aramaic

Etymology 1

Pronoun

אַתְּ (ʾattm sg (plural אַתּוּן (ʾattūn), feminine אַתִּי (ʾattī) or אַתְּ (ʾatt), feminine plural אַתֵּין (ʾattēn))

  1. Alternative form of אַנְתְּ (ʾant)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

אַתְּ (ʾattf sg

  1. feminine singular of אַתְּ (ʾatt)

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Related to Phoenician 𐤀𐤉𐤕 (ʾyt), Punic 𐤀𐤕 (ʾt), and Aramaic ית.

Pronunciation

Preposition

אֵת, אֶת־ (et, et-)

  1. Used to introduce a semantically definite direct object.
    • Tanach, Genesis 1:1, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      בְּרֵאשִׁ֖ית בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֵ֥ת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֵ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ:
      bereshít bará elohím et hashamáyim ve'ét ha'árets.
      In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
    • Tanach, Deuteronomy 6:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ֥ וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וּבְכָל־מְאֹדֶֽךָ:
      veahávta et adonáy elohékha b'khól levav'khá uv'khól nafshekhá uv'khól me'odékha
      And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might.
    • 1994, The Lion King, spoken by Scar (Eli Gorenstein):
      אני הרגתי את מופסה!
      Aní harágti et Mufása!
      I killed Mufasa!
    • 2019 October 31, Naomi Niddam, Local Call:
      את ספרו החשוב הראשון פירסם בישראל בשנות ה-70, ובחר לכתוב אותו בערבית ספרותית
      Et sifró hakhashúv harishón pirsém b'yisraél bishnót hashiv'ím, uvakhár likhtóv otó be'aravít sifrutít.
      He published his first important book in Israel in the 70s, and chose to write it in Literary Arabic.
Usage notes
  • In the event of a semantically indefinite direct object, את is not used; instead, the direct object is unmarked. In general, את is used when the direct object is a proper noun, a personal pronoun (in which case it is incorporated into the form of את), a noun phrase beginning with ה־ (ha-, the), or a noun phrase headed by a noun compound ending in one of these.
Inflection

Further reading

H853 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Etymology 2

Cognate with Akkadian 𒀉𒋾 (itti, with).

Pronunciation

Preposition

אֵת, אֶת־ (et, et-)

  1. (Biblical Hebrew) To, with.
    • 2015 September 29, Ran Boker, “לונדון את קירשנבאום תשודר כמו בימי חייו של מוטי (London et Kirschenbaum will be broadcasted like in the lifetime of Moti)”, in ynet:
    • Tanach, Genesis 39:2, with translation of the King James Version:
      וַיְהִי יְהוָה אֶת יוֹסֵף
      vayhí adonáy et yosef
      And the Lord was with Joseph
Usage notes
  • The inflected forms of the otherwise archaic sense “to” or “with” are still used, but now belong to the (suppletive) preposition עִם (im, with).
  • In modern sources, the separate use of אֵת as meaning 'with', is influenced more by Romance et. (see quote above)
Inflection

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *ʔanti.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

אַתְּ (átf (Biblical Hebrew pausal form אָתְּ)

  1. You, thou: (the feminine singular second-person personal pronoun).
Usage notes
  • In Mishnaic sources, the second-person masculine singular is inflected exactly as the feminine singular should be.

See also

Etymology 4

Noun

אֹת (otm (plural אֹתֹת or אֹתוֹת)

  1. (rare, Biblical Hebrew) defective spelling of אוֹת: sign.

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Noun

אֵת (etm (plural indefinite אִתִּים, singular construct אֵת־, plural construct אִתֵּי־)

  1. shovel
  2. spade
Usage notes

Anagrams