أبق
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Arabic
Etymology 1.1
| Root |
|---|
| ء ب ق (ʔ b q) |
| 2 terms |
Verb
أَبَقَ • (ʔabaqa) I (non-past يَأْبِقُ (yaʔbiqu), verbal noun إِبَاق (ʔibāq))
Conjugation
Conjugation of أَبَقَ (I, sound, a ~ i, impersonal passive (?), verbal noun إِبَاق)
| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
إِبَاق ʔibāq | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
آبِق ʔābiq | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَأْبُوق maʔbūq | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | أَبَقْتُ ʔabaqtu |
أَبَقْتَ ʔabaqta |
أَبَقَ ʔabaqa |
أَبَقْتُمَا ʔabaqtumā |
أَبَقَا ʔabaqā |
أَبَقْنَا ʔabaqnā |
أَبَقْتُمْ ʔabaqtum |
أَبَقُوا ʔabaqū | |||
| f | أَبَقْتِ ʔabaqti |
أَبَقَتْ ʔabaqat |
أَبَقَتَا ʔabaqatā |
أَبَقْتُنَّ ʔabaqtunna |
أَبَقْنَ ʔabaqna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | آبِقُ ʔābiqu |
تَأْبِقُ taʔbiqu |
يَأْبِقُ yaʔbiqu |
تَأْبِقَانِ taʔbiqāni |
يَأْبِقَانِ yaʔbiqāni |
نَأْبِقُ naʔbiqu |
تَأْبِقُونَ taʔbiqūna |
يَأْبِقُونَ yaʔbiqūna | |||
| f | تَأْبِقِينَ taʔbiqīna |
تَأْبِقُ taʔbiqu |
تَأْبِقَانِ taʔbiqāni |
تَأْبِقْنَ taʔbiqna |
يَأْبِقْنَ yaʔbiqna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | آبِقَ ʔābiqa |
تَأْبِقَ taʔbiqa |
يَأْبِقَ yaʔbiqa |
تَأْبِقَا taʔbiqā |
يَأْبِقَا yaʔbiqā |
نَأْبِقَ naʔbiqa |
تَأْبِقُوا taʔbiqū |
يَأْبِقُوا yaʔbiqū | |||
| f | تَأْبِقِي taʔbiqī |
تَأْبِقَ taʔbiqa |
تَأْبِقَا taʔbiqā |
تَأْبِقْنَ taʔbiqna |
يَأْبِقْنَ yaʔbiqna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | آبِقْ ʔābiq |
تَأْبِقْ taʔbiq |
يَأْبِقْ yaʔbiq |
تَأْبِقَا taʔbiqā |
يَأْبِقَا yaʔbiqā |
نَأْبِقْ naʔbiq |
تَأْبِقُوا taʔbiqū |
يَأْبِقُوا yaʔbiqū | |||
| f | تَأْبِقِي taʔbiqī |
تَأْبِقْ taʔbiq |
تَأْبِقَا taʔbiqā |
تَأْبِقْنَ taʔbiqna |
يَأْبِقْنَ yaʔbiqna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِئْبِقْ iʔbiq |
اِئْبِقَا iʔbiqā |
اِئْبِقُوا iʔbiqū |
||||||||
| f | اِئْبِقِي iʔbiqī |
اِئْبِقْنَ iʔbiqna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | أُبِقَ ʔubiqa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | يُؤْبَقُ yuʔbaqu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | يُؤْبَقَ yuʔbaqa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | يُؤْبَقْ yuʔbaq |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Etymology 1.2
Adjective
أَبِق • (ʔabiq) (masculine plural أُبُوق (ʔubūq) or آبَاق (ʔābāq) or أُبَّق (ʔubbaq))
Descendants
Declension of adjective أَبِق (ʔabiq)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَبِق ʔabiq |
الْأَبِق al-ʔabiq |
أَبِقَة ʔabiqa |
الْأَبِقَة al-ʔabiqa |
| Nominative | أَبِقٌ ʔabiqun |
الْأَبِقُ al-ʔabiqu |
أَبِقَةٌ ʔabiqatun |
الْأَبِقَةُ al-ʔabiqatu |
| Accusative | أَبِقًا ʔabiqan |
الْأَبِقَ al-ʔabiqa |
أَبِقَةً ʔabiqatan |
الْأَبِقَةَ al-ʔabiqata |
| Genitive | أَبِقٍ ʔabiqin |
الْأَبِقِ al-ʔabiqi |
أَبِقَةٍ ʔabiqatin |
الْأَبِقَةِ al-ʔabiqati |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَبِقَيْن ʔabiqayn |
الْأَبِقَيْن al-ʔabiqayn |
أَبِقَتَيْن ʔabiqatayn |
الْأَبِقَتَيْن al-ʔabiqatayn |
| Nominative | أَبِقَانِ ʔabiqāni |
الْأَبِقَانِ al-ʔabiqāni |
أَبِقَتَانِ ʔabiqatāni |
الْأَبِقَتَانِ al-ʔabiqatāni |
| Accusative | أَبِقَيْنِ ʔabiqayni |
الْأَبِقَيْنِ al-ʔabiqayni |
أَبِقَتَيْنِ ʔabiqatayni |
الْأَبِقَتَيْنِ al-ʔabiqatayni |
| Genitive | أَبِقَيْنِ ʔabiqayni |
الْأَبِقَيْنِ al-ʔabiqayni |
أَبِقَتَيْنِ ʔabiqatayni |
الْأَبِقَتَيْنِ al-ʔabiqatayni |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| basic broken plural triptote | sound feminine plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أُبُوق; آبَاق; أُبَّق ʔubūq; ʔābāq; ʔubbaq |
الْأُبُوق; الْآبَاق; الْأُبَّق al-ʔubūq; al-ʔābāq; al-ʔubbaq |
أَبِقَات ʔabiqāt |
الْأَبِقَات al-ʔabiqāt |
| Nominative | أُبُوقٌ; آبَاقٌ; أُبَّقٌ ʔubūqun; ʔābāqun; ʔubbaqun |
الْأُبُوقُ; الْآبَاقُ; الْأُبَّقُ al-ʔubūqu; al-ʔābāqu; al-ʔubbaqu |
أَبِقَاتٌ ʔabiqātun |
الْأَبِقَاتُ al-ʔabiqātu |
| Accusative | أُبُوقًا; آبَاقًا; أُبَّقًا ʔubūqan; ʔābāqan; ʔubbaqan |
الْأُبُوقَ; الْآبَاقَ; الْأُبَّقَ al-ʔubūqa; al-ʔābāqa; al-ʔubbaqa |
أَبِقَاتٍ ʔabiqātin |
الْأَبِقَاتِ al-ʔabiqāti |
| Genitive | أُبُوقٍ; آبَاقٍ; أُبَّقٍ ʔubūqin; ʔābāqin; ʔubbaqin |
الْأُبُوقِ; الْآبَاقِ; الْأُبَّقِ al-ʔubūqi; al-ʔābāqi; al-ʔubbaqi |
أَبِقَاتٍ ʔabiqātin |
الْأَبِقَاتِ al-ʔabiqāti |
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܐܳܦܰܩܬܳܐ (ʾāpaqtā), ܐܰܦܩܰܥܬܳܐ (ʾap̄qaʿtā, “de-seeded cotton”) from ܦܩܰܥ (pqaʿ, “to split, to reave, to crack”), compare the etymology of فَقُّوس (faqqūs, “Armenian cucumber”).
Noun
- fibres from the textile banana (Musa textilis), Manilla hemp, abaca
- a. 609, Zuhayr, إنّ الخليطَ أجدَّ البينَ فانفرقا:
- القائدَ الخيْلَ مَنْكوبا دوابرُها قد أُحكِمَتْ حَكَمَاتِ القِدّ والأبَقا
- Leader of a horse of veering hind legs, fastened by bridles of leather strips and banana fibres.
- a. 1973, Muḥammad al-Amīn aš-Šanqītīy, مذكرة أصول الفقه على روضة الناظر:
- ومن الحكم بمعنى المنع حكمة اللجام وهى ما أحاط بحنكى الدابة سميت بذلك لأنها تمنعها من الجرى الشديد والحكمة أيضا حديدة فى اللجام تكون على أنف الفرس وحنكة تمنعه من مخالفة راكبه، وكانت العرب تتخذها من القد وهو الأبق وهو القنب
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
Declension of noun أَبَق (ʔabaq)
Descendants
- → Cebuano: abaka
- → Dibabawon Manobo: abaka
- → Hiligaynon: abaka
- → Kapampangan: abaka
- → Tagalog: abaka
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 139
- Payne Smith, Robert (1879–1901) Thesaurus Syriacus (in Latin), Oxford: Clarendon Press, column 350
- “ˀpqˁh2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013) Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 131