بوق
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بوق 
بوق
Arabic
Etymology
Natively derived from the root ب و ق (b-w-q), concerning concepts related to "trumpets" or "a sudden loud blast of sound"; hence the meaning of "a sudden striking calamity" and by extension "an evil" or "wrongful conduct". Ultimately related to the root ب ق ق (b-q-q), meaning "the buzzing of insects", "to be loud or noisy", "to be obnoxiously talkative", with likely phono-semantic matching of Ancient Greek βούκινο (boúkino) or Latin būcina, borrowed itself as Classical Syriac ܒܘܩ̈ܝܢܐܣ (bwqynʾ /būqīnā/). Compare English bugle, an ox or bovid horn.
Pronunciation
Noun
بُوق • (būq) m (plural أَبْوَاق (ʔabwāq) or بُوقَات (būqāt))
- (music) trumpet, conch
- a. 965, Al-Mutanabbi, لَيَالِيَّ بَعْدَ الظَّاعِنِينَ شُكُولُ:
- إِذَا كَانَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ سَيْفًا لِدَوْلَةٍ // فَفِي النَّاسِ بُوقَاتٌ لَهَا وَطُبُولُ
- ʔiḏā kāna baʕḍu n-nāsi sayfan lidawlatin // fafī n-nāsi būqātun lahā waṭubūlu
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (figuratively) presenting falsities deliberately as true, lie; by comparison to embellishments and pomp, making a lot of useless noise
- (figuratively) one who does not conceal secrets, announces to all
Declension
Declension of noun بُوق (būq)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | بُوق būq |
الْبُوق al-būq |
بُوق būq |
| Nominative | بُوقٌ būqun |
الْبُوقُ al-būqu |
بُوقُ būqu |
| Accusative | بُوقًا būqan |
الْبُوقَ al-būqa |
بُوقَ būqa |
| Genitive | بُوقٍ būqin |
الْبُوقِ al-būqi |
بُوقِ būqi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | بُوقَيْن būqayn |
الْبُوقَيْن al-būqayn |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Nominative | بُوقَانِ būqāni |
الْبُوقَانِ al-būqāni |
بُوقَا būqā |
| Accusative | بُوقَيْنِ būqayni |
الْبُوقَيْنِ al-būqayni |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Genitive | بُوقَيْنِ būqayni |
الْبُوقَيْنِ al-būqayni |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote; sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَبْوَاق; بُوقَات ʔabwāq; būqāt |
الْأَبْوَاق; الْبُوقَات al-ʔabwāq; al-būqāt |
أَبْوَاق; بُوقَات ʔabwāq; būqāt |
| Nominative | أَبْوَاقٌ; بُوقَاتٌ ʔabwāqun; būqātun |
الْأَبْوَاقُ; الْبُوقَاتُ al-ʔabwāqu; al-būqātu |
أَبْوَاقُ; بُوقَاتُ ʔabwāqu; būqātu |
| Accusative | أَبْوَاقًا; بُوقَاتٍ ʔabwāqan; būqātin |
الْأَبْوَاقَ; الْبُوقَاتِ al-ʔabwāqa; al-būqāti |
أَبْوَاقَ; بُوقَاتِ ʔabwāqa; būqāti |
| Genitive | أَبْوَاقٍ; بُوقَاتٍ ʔabwāqin; būqātin |
الْأَبْوَاقِ; الْبُوقَاتِ al-ʔabwāqi; al-būqāti |
أَبْوَاقِ; بُوقَاتِ ʔabwāqi; būqāti |
Descendants
- Maltese: buq (“hollow reed”)
- → Basque: alboka
- → Georgian: ბუკი (buḳi)
- → Middle Armenian: պուկ (puk)
- Armenian: բուկ (buk)
- → Ottoman Turkish: بوق (buk)
- → Persian: بوق (buq)
- → Spanish: albogue
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “بوق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 276
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “بق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 233
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bok (“dirt, dung”);[1] cognate with Old Turkic 𐰉𐰸 (bok), Azerbaijani pox, Kazakh боқ (boq), Kyrgyz бок (bok), Tatar бук (buq) and Turkmen bok.
Noun
بوق • (bok) (definite accusative بوقی (boku), plural بوقلر (boklar))
- feces, excrement, the digested waste material discharged from a mammal's stomach to the intestines
- (vulgar) shit, poo, crap, dump, the solid excretory product evacuated from the bowels through defecation
- scoria, slag, dross, the by-product that remains after the smelting and recycling of metal from an ore
Derived terms
- آری بوقی (arı boku, “bee's dung”)
- بورون بوقی (burun boku, “snot”)
- بوق بوجكی (bok böceği, “dung beetle”)
- بوق یمك (bok yemek, “to say something wrong”)
- بوقجه (bokca, “rubbish thing”)
- بوقجی (bokcu, “dealer in dung”)
- بوقلاشمق (boklaşmak, “to become soiled or befouled”)
- بوقلامق (boklamak, “to soil or befoul”)
- بوقلانمق (boklanmak, “to become soiled with dung”)
- بوقلق (bokluk, “morass, quagmire”)
- بوقلو (boklu, “mixed with dung or filth”)
- بوقنی چكمك (bokunu çekmek, “to suffer the consequences of an action”)
- دمیر بوقی (demir boku, “iron slag”)
- سیكك بوقی (sinek boku, “fly specks”)
- شیطان بوقی (şeytan boku, “asafoetida”)
- قاز بوقی (kaz boku, “a pale green color”)
Descendants
- Turkish: bok
References
- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “bo:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 311
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “بوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 338
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bok2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 646
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “بوق”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 133b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 290
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Stercus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1595
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بوق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 933
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bok”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 405
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic بُوق (būq, “trumpet”).
Noun
بوق • (buk) (definite accusative بوغی (buğu), plural بوقات (bukat))
Descendants
- Turkish: buk
Further reading
click to expand
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “buk4”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 689
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “buk”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 140
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lituus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 962
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بوق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 933
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “buk”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 405
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic بُوق (būq).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | būq |
| Dari reading? | būq |
| Iranian reading? | buğ |
| Tajik reading? | buq |
Noun
| Dari | بوق |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | буқ |
بوق • (buq)
- vehicle horn; klaxon
- بوق کشتی ― buq-e kašti ― ship horn
- (archaic, original sense) trumpet; conch
- c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]:
- هر شب هزار مرد پاسبان این قصر باشند پانصد سوار و پانصد پیاده که از نماز شام بوق و دهل و کاسه می‌زنند و گردش می‌گردند تا روز.
- har šab hazār mard pāsbān-i īn qasr bāšand pānsad sawār u pānsad pīyāda ki az namāz-i šām būq u duhul u kāsa mē-zanand u gird-aš mē-girdand tā rōz.
- Every night, a thousand men stand guard in this castle, five hundred mounted and five hundred on foot. From the evening prayers on, they blow trumpets and beat drums and cymbals, and go around until daybreak.