رد

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See also: زد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ر د د (r d d)
18 terms

Pronunciation

Verb

رَدَّ (radda) I (non-past يَرُدُّ (yaruddu), verbal noun رَدّ (radd))

  1. (transitive) to return, to bring back, to put back
    رَدَدْتُ ٱلْمَالَ فِي جَيْبِي.
    radadtu l-māla fī jaybī.
    I put the money back into my pocket.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 62:8:
      قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ ٱلَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ.
      "Say: 'Lo! the death from which ye shrink will surely meet you, and afterward ye will be returned unto the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.'"
  2. to reply, to answer, to respond
  3. to repel
  4. to resist
  5. to refuse
  6. to reject
  7. to restrain, to keep (someone مِن (min) something)
  8. to refute
  9. to dissuade
  10. to reinstate
Conjugation
Descendants
  • Swahili: -rudi

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

رَدّ (raddm (plural رُدُود (rudūd))

  1. verbal noun of رَدَّ (radda) (form I)
  2. refusal
  3. repulse
  4. refutation
  5. hindrance
  6. restitution, return
  7. reply
  8. restoration to a former state
Declension
Descendants
  • Ottoman Turkish: رد (red)
  • Classical Persian: رد (radd) (see there for further descendants)
  • Swahili: rada
References
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Adjective

رَدّ (radd)

  1. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) vomiting
  2. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) bad
  3. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) worthless
References
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Verb

رِدْ (rid) (form I) /rid/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of وَرَدَ (warada)

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

Verb

رد (radd) I (non-past يرد (yirudd))

  1. (with على) to answer, reply (to)

Conjugation

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ap=رادد
ap-tr=rādid
pp=مردود
pp-tr=mardūd
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    Conjugation of رد (form-I geminate)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m رديت (raddēt) رديت (raddēt) رد (radd) ردينا (raddēna) رديتوا (raddētu) ردوا (raddu)
f رديتي (raddēti) ردت (raddit)
present subjunctive m ارد (arudd) ترد (tirudd) يرد (yirudd) نرد (nirudd) تردوا (tiruddu) يردوا (yiruddu)
f تردي (tiruddi) ترد (tírudd)
present indicative m برد (barudd) بترد (bitrudd) بيرد (biyrudd) بنرد (binrudd) بتردوا (bitruddu) بيردوا (biyruddu)
f بتردي (bitruddi) بترد (bitrúdd)
future m حرد (ḥarudd) حترد (ḥatrudd) حيرد (ḥayrudd) حنرد (ḥanrudd) حتردوا (ḥatruddu) حيردوا (ḥayruddu)
f حتردي (ḥatruddi) حترد (ḥatrudd)
imperative m رد (rudd) ردوا (ruddu)
f ردي (ruddi)

Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رَدّ (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Adjective

رَد (rad) (indeclinable)

  1. refutation, rejection, cancellation

Further reading

  • Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 254.
  • Javaid Rahi (2015) گوجری ڈکشنری (in Gojri), page 544, column 1.

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rəd(ː)/ (base verb; noun)
  • IPA(key): /rɪd(ː)/ (imperative verb)

Verb

رد (rad(d)) I (non-past يرد (yrid(d)))

  1. to return, to come back
  2. to reply, to answer, to respond
  3. (transitive) to send back, to return

Noun

رد (rad(d)m (plural ردود (r(u)dūd))

  1. a response, an answer

Verb

رد (rid(d))

  1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of رد (rad(d))

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Verb

رَدّ (radd) I (non-past يِرُدّ (yirudd))

  1. to reply, to respond, to answer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of رد (radd)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddēt) ردّيت (raddēt) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddēna) ردّيتوا (raddētu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّيتي (raddēti) ردّت (raddat)
non-past m أردّ (ʔarudd) تردّ (tirudd) يردّ (yirudd) نردّ (nirudd) تردّوا (tiruddu) يردّوا (yiruddu)
f تردّي (tiruddi) تردّ (tirudd)
imperative m ردّ (rudd) ردّوا (ruddu)
f ردّي (ruddi)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ر د د
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /radː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

رد (radd) I (non-past يرُد (yrudd) or يرَد (yradd))

  1. to reply, to answer, to respond
  2. to give back
  3. (intransitive) to vomit

Conjugation

    Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddīt) ردّيتي (raddīti) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddīna) ردّيتوا (raddītu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّت (raddāt)
non-past m نردّ (nrudd) تردّ (trudd) يردّ (yrudd) نردّوا (nruddu) تردّوا (truddu) يردّوا (yruddu)
f تردّي (truddi) تردّ (trudd)
imperative m ردّ (rudd) ردّوا (ruddu)
f ردّي (ruddi)
    Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddīt) ردّيتي (raddīti) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddīna) ردّيتوا (raddītu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّت (raddāt)
non-past m نردّ (nradd) تردّ (tradd) يردّ (yradd) نردّوا (nraddu) تردّوا (traddu) يردّوا (yraddu)
f تردّي (traddi) تردّ (tradd)
imperative m ردّ (radd) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّي (raddi)

Persian

Etymology 1

See راد (râd).

Noun

رد (rad)

  1. (archaic) sage (wise person)
  2. an important person in Zoroastrianism

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

رد (rad)

  1. track
  2. trace
  3. footprint
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? raḏ
Dari reading? rad
Iranian reading? rad
Tajik reading? rad

Noun

رد (radd)

  1. rejection
Derived terms
Descendants

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

Verb

ردّ (radd) I (present بردّ (birodd))

  1. to reply, to respond, to answer (+ على)
    بسلّم عليه وما بردّ.
    basallem ʕalēh w-mā birodd.
    I greet him and he doesn't respond.
    ردّ على سؤالي، وين كنت مبارح؟
    rodd ʕala suʔāli: wēn kunt mbāreḥ?
    Answer my question: Where were you yesterday?
    ردّ عالتلفون.
    radd ʕal-telfōn.
    He answered the phone.
  2. to listen to, to follow (advice, instructions)
  3. to obey (+ على)
    الولاد لازم يردّو على أهلهم.
    l-ūlād lāzem yroddu ʕala ʔahl-hom.
    Children must do as they are told by their parents.
    (literally, “Children must obey their parents.”)
  4. to close
    Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)
    ردّ الباب بسرعة!
    rodd il-bāb bsurʕa!
    Close the door quickly!

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ردّ (radd)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddēt) ردّيت (raddēt) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddēna) ردّيتو (raddētu) ردّو (raddu)
f ردّيتي (raddēti) ردّت (raddat)
present m بردّ (barodd) بتردّ (bitrodd) بردّ (birodd) منردّ (minrodd) بتردّو (bitroddu) بردّو (biroddu)
f بتردّي (bitroddi) بتردّ (bitrodd)
subjunctive m اردّ (arodd) تردّ (trodd) يردّ (yrodd) نردّ (nrodd) تردّو (troddu) يردّو (yroddu)
f تردّي (troddi) تردّ (trodd)
imperative m ردّ (rodd) ردّو (roddu)
f ردّي (roddi)

Noun

رد (raddm (plural ردود (rudūd))

  1. a response, an answer, a reply, a reaction

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رد (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

Adjective

رَدّ (radd) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling रद्द)

  1. cancelled, rejected; null and void

Further reading

  • رد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “رد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 590
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “رد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 340
  • رد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.