شهيد

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See also: شهید, and شہید

Arabic

Root
ش ه د (š h d)
11 terms

Etymology

From the form I verb شَهِدَ (šahida, “to witness, to bear witness”), from the root ش ه د (š-h-d). Semantic evolution from "witness" to "martyr" is probably calqued from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).

Cognate with Hebrew שָׂהֵד (sahéd).

Pronunciation

Noun

شَهِيد • (šahīd) m (plural شُهَدَاء (šuhadāʔ), feminine شَهِيدَة (šahīda))

  1. (archaic) witness
    Synonym: شَاهِد (šāhid)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:13:
      لَّوۡلَا جَاۤءُو عَلَیۡهِ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَاۤءَ ۚ فَإِذۡ لَمۡ یَأۡتُوا۟ بِٱلشُّهَدَاۤءِ فَأُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبُونَ
      lawlā jāʔū ʕalay-hi bi-ʔarbaʕati šuhadāʔa fa-ʔiḏ lam yaʔtū bi-š-šuhadāʔi fa-ʔūlāʔika ʕinda llāhi humu l-kāḏibūna
      Sahih International: And why did the accusers not bring four witnesses to it? If they cannot produce such witnesses, they are the liars in God’s eyes.
  2. martyr

Declension

Declension of noun شَهِيد (šahīd)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَهِيد
šahīd 		الشَّهِيد
aš-šahīd 		شَهِيد
šahīd 		شَهِيدَة
šahīda 		الشَّهِيدَة
aš-šahīda 		شَهِيدَة
šahīdat
Nominative شَهِيدٌ
šahīdun 		الشَّهِيدُ
aš-šahīdu 		شَهِيدُ
šahīdu 		شَهِيدَةٌ
šahīdatun 		الشَّهِيدَةُ
aš-šahīdatu 		شَهِيدَةُ
šahīdatu
Accusative شَهِيدًا
šahīdan 		الشَّهِيدَ
aš-šahīda 		شَهِيدَ
šahīda 		شَهِيدَةً
šahīdatan 		الشَّهِيدَةَ
aš-šahīdata 		شَهِيدَةَ
šahīdata
Genitive شَهِيدٍ
šahīdin 		الشَّهِيدِ
aš-šahīdi 		شَهِيدِ
šahīdi 		شَهِيدَةٍ
šahīdatin 		الشَّهِيدَةِ
aš-šahīdati 		شَهِيدَةِ
šahīdati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَهِيدَيْن
šahīdayn 		الشَّهِيدَيْن
aš-šahīdayn 		شَهِيدَيْ
šahīday 		شَهِيدَتَيْن
šahīdatayn 		الشَّهِيدَتَيْن
aš-šahīdatayn 		شَهِيدَتَيْ
šahīdatay
Nominative شَهِيدَانِ
šahīdāni 		الشَّهِيدَانِ
aš-šahīdāni 		شَهِيدَا
šahīdā 		شَهِيدَتَانِ
šahīdatāni 		الشَّهِيدَتَانِ
aš-šahīdatāni 		شَهِيدَتَا
šahīdatā
Accusative شَهِيدَيْنِ
šahīdayni 		الشَّهِيدَيْنِ
aš-šahīdayni 		شَهِيدَيْ
šahīday 		شَهِيدَتَيْنِ
šahīdatayni 		الشَّهِيدَتَيْنِ
aš-šahīdatayni 		شَهِيدَتَيْ
šahīdatay
Genitive شَهِيدَيْنِ
šahīdayni 		الشَّهِيدَيْنِ
aš-šahīdayni 		شَهِيدَيْ
šahīday 		شَهِيدَتَيْنِ
šahīdatayni 		الشَّهِيدَتَيْنِ
aš-šahīdatayni 		شَهِيدَتَيْ
šahīdatay
Plural Masculine Feminine
basic broken plural diptote sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شُهَدَاء
šuhadāʔ 		الشُّهَدَاء
aš-šuhadāʔ 		شُهَدَاء
šuhadāʔ 		شَهِيدَات
šahīdāt 		الشَّهِيدَات
aš-šahīdāt 		شَهِيدَات
šahīdāt
Nominative شُهَدَاءُ
šuhadāʔu 		الشُّهَدَاءُ
aš-šuhadāʔu 		شُهَدَاءُ
šuhadāʔu 		شَهِيدَاتٌ
šahīdātun 		الشَّهِيدَاتُ
aš-šahīdātu 		شَهِيدَاتُ
šahīdātu
Accusative شُهَدَاءَ
šuhadāʔa 		الشُّهَدَاءَ
aš-šuhadāʔa 		شُهَدَاءَ
šuhadāʔa 		شَهِيدَاتٍ
šahīdātin 		الشَّهِيدَاتِ
aš-šahīdāti 		شَهِيدَاتِ
šahīdāti
Genitive شُهَدَاءَ
šuhadāʔa 		الشُّهَدَاءِ
aš-šuhadāʔi 		شُهَدَاءِ
šuhadāʔi 		شَهِيدَاتٍ
šahīdātin 		الشَّهِيدَاتِ
aš-šahīdāti 		شَهِيدَاتِ
šahīdāti

Descendants

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