ظفر

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Arabic

Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ f r)
3 terms

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *θ̣upr-, *θ̣ipr- (nail, claw). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌢 (ṣuprum) and Biblical Hebrew צִפֹּרֶן (ṣippórɛn).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ðˤufr/
    • Audio:(file)
  • IPA(key): /ðˤu.fur/

Noun

ظُفْر or ظُفُر (ẓufr or ẓufurm (plural أَظْفَار (ʔaẓfār) or أَظَافِر (ʔaẓāfir) or أَظْفُر (ʔaẓfur) or أَظَافِير (ʔaẓāfīr))

  1. (anatomy) fingernail
  2. (zoology) claw
    Coordinate term: حَافِر (ḥāfir, hoof)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 6:146:
      وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ هَادُوا حَرَّمْنَا كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ
      waʕalā llaḏīna hādū ḥarramnā kulla ḏī ẓufurin
      We forbade every animal with undivided hoofs
Declension

Etymology 2.1

Root
ظ ف ر (ẓ f r)
3 terms

Pronunciation

Verb

ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) I (non-past يَظْفَرُ (yaẓfaru), verbal noun ظَفَر (ẓafar))

  1. to triumph over, to win, to superate
  2. to win, to gain, to receive
    مَنْ صَبَرَ ظَفِرَman ṣabara ẓafiraPatience is victory (literally: he who is patient, wins.)
Conjugation

Etymology 2.2

Pronunciation

Verb

ظَفَّرَ (ẓaffara) II (non-past يُظَفِّرُ (yuẓaffiru), verbal noun تَظْفِير (taẓfīr))

  1. to make victorious; to grant victory; to aid
    Synonym: نَصَرَ (naṣara)
Conjugation

Etymology 2.3

Pronunciation

Noun

ظَفَر (ẓafarm

  1. verbal noun of ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) (form I)
  2. obtainment, success, victory
  3. level ground
Declension
Descendants

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “ظفر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 87–88
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1912
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ظفر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 656
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ظفر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 800

Azerbaijani

Noun

ظفر (zəfər) (definite accusative ظفری, plural ظفرلر)

  1. Arabic spelling of zəfər (triumph)

Declension

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ظ ف ر
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic ظُفْر (ẓufr).

Pronunciation

Noun

ظفر (ḍifirm (construct state ظِفْر (ḍifr), plural أظافر (ʔaḍāfir) or أظافير (ʔaḍāfīr))

  1. nail
  2. fingernail

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Noun

ظفر (zafer)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? zafar
Dari reading? zafar
Iranian reading? zafar
Tajik reading? zafar

Noun

Dari ظفر
Iranian Persian
Tajik зафар

ظفر (zafar)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ظفر (zafar), from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

Noun

ظَفَر (zafarm (Hindi spelling ज़फ़र)

  1. victory, triumph
  2. profit, gain
  3. success