قوم

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See also: ق و م

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ق و م (q w m)
27 terms

Compare قَامَ (qāma, to rise).

Verb

قَوَّمَ (qawwama) II (non-past يُقَوِّمُ (yuqawwimu), verbal noun تَقْوِيم (taqwīm))

  1. (transitive) to raise
  2. (transitive) to evaluate
  3. (transitive) to adjust
Conjugation
References
  • Mace, John (2007) “قوم”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

قَوْم (qawmm

  1. verbal noun of قَامَ (qāma, to get up) (form I)
  2. standing up, rising, placing upright, remaining, abiding
Declension
References

Noun

قَوْم (qawmm (plural أَقْوَام (ʔaqwām))

  1. people, nation, tribe, folk
  2. some people, someone, a certain
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:21:
      فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا خَائِفًا يَتَرَقَّبُ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
      faḵaraja minhā ḵāʔifan yataraqqabu qāla rabbi najjinī mina l-qawmi ẓ-ẓālimīna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (group of) men
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 49:11:
      يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَسْخَرْ قَوْمٌ مِّن قَوْمٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُونُوا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَلَا نِسَاءٌ مِّن نِّسَاءٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُنَّ خَيْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ
      yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū lā yasḵar qawmun min qawmin ʕasā ʔan yakūnū ḵayran minhum walā nisāʔun min nisāʔin ʕasā ʔan yakunna ḵayran minhunna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  4. family
  5. sect
Declension
Descendants
  • Azerbaijani: qövm, qohum
  • Persian: قوم
    • Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਕੌਮ (kaum)
      Shahmukhi script: قوم (kaum)
  • Ottoman Turkish: قوم
  • Uyghur: قوۋم (qowm)
References

Adjective

قُوَّم (quwwam)

  1. inflection of قَائِم (qāʔim):
    1. masculine plural
    2. feminine plural

Azerbaijani

Noun

قۇم (qum)

  1. Arabic spelling of qum (sand)

Declension

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق و م
8 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic قَوَّم (qawwam).

Pronunciation

Verb

قوم (gawwam) II (non-past يِقَوِّم (yimawwit), verbal noun تَقْويم (tagwīm))

  1. to awaken
    Synonym: صَحَّى (ṣaḥḥa)
  2. to rise up
  3. to erect
Conjugation
    Conjugation of قوم (gawwam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قومت (gawwamt) قومت (gawwamt) قوم (gawwam) قومنا (gawwamna) قومتوا (gawwamtu) قوموا (gawwamu)
f قومتي (gawwamti) قومت (gawwamat)
non-past m أقوم (ʔagawwim) تقوم (tigawwim) يقوم (yigawwim) نقوم (nigawwim) تقوموا (tigawwimu) يقوموا (yigawwimu)
f تقومي (tigawwimi) تقوم (tigawwim)
imperative m قوم (gawwim) قوموا (gawwimu)
f قومي (gawwimi)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

قوم (gūm)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of قام (gām)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

قوم (gawwim)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of قَوِّم (gawwam)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ق و م
2 terms

From Arabic قَوَّمَ (qawwama).

Pronunciation

Verb

قوم (qawwam) II (non-past يقوم (yqawwam))

  1. (transitive) to evaluate
Conjugation
    Conjugation of قوم
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قوّمت (qawwamt) قوّمتي (qawwamti) قوّم (qawwam) قوّمنا (qawwamna) قوّمتوا (qawwamtu) قوّموا (qawwmu)
f قوّمت (qawwmāt)
non-past m نقوّم (nqawwam) تقوّم (tqawwam) يقوّم (yqawwam) نقوّموا (nqawwmu) تقوّموا (tqawwmu) يقوّموا (yqawwmu)
f تقوّمي (tqawwmi) تقوّم (tqawwam)
imperative m قوّم (qawwam) قوّموا (qawwmu)
f قوّمي (qawwmi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation

Noun

قَوْم or قُوم (qawm or qūmm (plural أقوام (ʔaqwām))

  1. people, nation

Ottoman Turkish

قوم

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (sand); cognate with Azerbaijani qum, Bashkir ҡом (qom), Kazakh құм (qūm), Kyrgyz кум (kum), Turkmen gum, Uyghur قۇم (qum) and Uzbek qum.

Noun

قوم (kum)

  1. sand, finely ground rock which forms beaches and deserts
    Synonyms: رمل (reml), ریگ (rig)
  2. gravel, chisel, small fragments of rock
    Synonym: چاقل (çakıl)
  3. (medicine) kidney stones, a calculus in the kidney
  4. (figuratively) anything that is as numerous as grains of sand

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? qawm
Dari reading? qawm
Iranian reading? ğowm
Tajik reading? qavm

Noun

Dari قوم
Iranian Persian
Tajik қавм

قُوْم (qowm) (plural اقوام (aqvâm))

  1. people, nation, tribe
    • 1048-1131, Omar Khayyám, Rubáiyát
      قومی متفکرند اندر ره دینqowm-i motefakker-and andar rah-e din(please add an English translation of this quotation)
      قومی به گمان فتاده در راه یقینqowm-i be-gamân fetâde dar râh-e yaqin(please add an English translation of this quotation)
      می‌ترسم از آنکه بانگ آید روزیmi-tarsam az ân-ke bâng âyad ruzi(please add an English translation of this quotation)
      کای بی‌خبران راه نه آنست و نه اینkey bi-xabarân! râh na ân-ast o na in(please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. ethnic group

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕੌਮ (kaum)
    Shahmukhi script: قوم (kaum)

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Noun

قَوم (qaumf (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੌਮ)

  1. nation, people

Synonyms

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation

Noun

قَوم (qaumf (formal plural اقوام, Hindi spelling क़ौम)

  1. nation
    بابائے قَومbābāe qaumfather of the nation
  2. people, community
    قَومِ لُوطqaum-i lūtpeople of Lot
  3. race

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  • Platts, John T. (1884) “قوم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • قوم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • John Shakespear (1834) “قوم”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC