गृह

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Hindi

Etymology

    Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha). Doublet of घर (ghar).

    Pronunciation

    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡɾiːɦ/, , /ɡɾɪ.ɦᵊ/

    Noun

    गृह (gŕhm (Urdu spelling گرہ)

    1. house, dwelling, habitation
      Synonyms: घर (ghar), मकान (makān), भवन (bhavan)

    Declension

    References

    Sanskrit

    Alternative scripts

    Etymology

      From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (house), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (enclosure). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gərəδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, city), English yard.

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      गृह (gṛhá) stemm or n

      1. a house, habitation, home, dwelling
        • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1:
          उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ ।
          वह॑न्त्वरु॒णप्स॑व॒ उप॑ त्वा सो॒मिनो॑ गृ॒हम्
          úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi.
          váhantvaruṇápsava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám.
          Uṣas, come by auspicious way from the bright firmament; let the purple kine bring you to the dwelling of the offer of Soma.
      2. assistant, servant
      3. the inhabitants of a house, family
        1. wife; householder
      4. (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
        चण्डिकागृहcaṇḍikāgṛhaa temple of Durgā
        देवतागृहdevatāgṛhatemple, chapel
      5. (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower

      Declension

      Masculine a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
      Singular Dual Plural
      Nominative गृहः
      gṛháḥ
      गृहौ / गृहा¹
      gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹
      गृहाः / गृहासः¹
      gṛhā́ḥ / gṛhā́saḥ¹
      Vocative गृह
      gṛ́ha
      गृहौ / गृहा¹
      gṛ́hau / gṛ́hā¹
      गृहाः / गृहासः¹
      gṛ́hāḥ / gṛ́hāsaḥ¹
      Accusative गृहम्
      gṛhám
      गृहौ / गृहा¹
      gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹
      गृहान्
      gṛhā́n
      Instrumental गृहेण
      gṛhéṇa
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
      gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
      Dative गृहाय
      gṛhā́ya
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Ablative गृहात्
      gṛhā́t
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Genitive गृहस्य
      gṛhásya
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहाणाम्
      gṛhā́ṇām
      Locative गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहेषु
      gṛhéṣu
      Notes
      • ¹Vedic
      • In later Sanskrit only the plural forms of the masculine were used.
      Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
      Singular Dual Plural
      Nominative गृहम्
      gṛhám
      गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
      Vocative गृह
      gṛ́ha
      गृहे
      gṛ́he
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
      Accusative गृहम्
      gṛhám
      गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
      Instrumental गृहेण
      gṛhéṇa
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
      gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
      Dative गृहाय
      gṛhā́ya
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Ablative गृहात्
      gṛhā́t
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Genitive गृहस्य
      gṛhásya
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहाणाम्
      gṛhā́ṇām
      Locative गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहेषु
      gṛhéṣu
      Notes
      • ¹Vedic
      • Used only in the sense "house".

      Noun

      गृह (gṛhá) stemn

      1. wife
      2. zodiac sign
      3. an astrological mansion
      4. name of the 4th astrological mansion
      5. (chess) square

      Declension

      Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
      Singular Dual Plural
      Nominative गृहम्
      gṛhám
      गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
      Vocative गृह
      gṛ́ha
      गृहे
      gṛ́he
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
      Accusative गृहम्
      gṛhám
      गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहाणि / गृहा¹
      gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
      Instrumental गृहेण
      gṛhéṇa
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
      gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
      Dative गृहाय
      gṛhā́ya
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Ablative गृहात्
      gṛhā́t
      गृहाभ्याम्
      gṛhā́bhyām
      गृहेभ्यः
      gṛhébhyaḥ
      Genitive गृहस्य
      gṛhásya
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहाणाम्
      gṛhā́ṇām
      Locative गृहे
      gṛhé
      गृहयोः
      gṛháyoḥ
      गृहेषु
      gṛhéṣu
      Notes
      • ¹Vedic

      Derived terms

      Descendants

      References

      • Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361/3.
      • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 495