दक्षिण

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Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (right (side)). Doublet of दक्खिन (dakkhin).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /d̪ək.ʂɪɳ/,

Adjective

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling دکشن)

  1. right
  2. southern

Noun

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇm (Urdu spelling دکشن)

  1. right (side)
  2. south

Declension

Coordinate terms

  • (compass points)
पश्चिमोत्तर (paścimottar) उत्तर (uttar) पूर्वोत्तर (pūrvottar)
पश्चिम (paścim) पूर्व (pūrv)
दक्षिण-पश्चिम (dakṣiṇ-paścim) दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ) दक्षिण-पूर्व (dakṣiṇ-pūrv)

Marathi

दक्षिण दिशा

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (right (side)).

Pronunciation

Adjective

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)

  1. southern

Noun

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇf

  1. south

See also

वायव्य (vāyavya) उत्तर (uttar) ईशान्य (īśānya)
पश्चिम (paścim) पूर्व (pūrva)
नैऋत्य (naiŕtya) दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ) आग्नेय (āgney)


References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “दक्षिण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa).

Pronunciation

Noun

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)

  1. south

Adjective

दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)

  1. south

Further reading

  • दक्षिण”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
  • Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दक्षिण”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáćšinas (right, righthand), from Proto-Indo-European *déḱs-i-no-s, from *deḱs- (right (side)). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬱𐬌𐬥𐬀 (dašina), Lithuanian dẽšinas, Serbo-Croatian дѐснӣ/dèsnī, Ancient Greek δεξιός (dexiós, right), Latin dexter (right), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃𐍅𐌰 (taihswa).

Pronunciation

Adjective

दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa) stem

  1. right, righthand; located on the right
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.39.6:
      इन्द्रो॒ मधु॒ सम्भृ॑तमु॒स्रिया॑यां प॒द्वद्वि॑वेद श॒फव॒न्नमे॒ गोः।
      गुहा॑ हि॒तं गुह्यं॑ गू॒ळ्हम॒प्सु हस्ते॑ दधे॒ दक्षि॑णे॒ दक्षि॑णावान्॥
      índro mádhu sámbhṛtamusríyāyāṃ padvádviveda śaphávannáme góḥ.
      gúhā hitáṃ gúhyaṃ gūḷhámapsú háste dadhe dákṣiṇe dákṣiṇāvān.
      Indra discovered the sweet milk secreted in the cow, and thereupon, brought forth (from their concealment) the herd (of cattle) having feet and having hoofs; munificent (in gifts), he held in his right hand that which had been hidden in the cavern, which was concealed in the waters.
    • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
  2. southern

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दक्षिणः
dákṣiṇaḥ
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹
dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative दक्षिण
dákṣiṇa
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹
dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative दक्षिणम्
dákṣiṇam
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणान्
dákṣiṇān
Instrumental दक्षिणेन
dákṣiṇena
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹
dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹
Dative दक्षिणाय
dákṣiṇāya
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Ablative दक्षिणात्
dákṣiṇāt
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Genitive दक्षिणस्य
dákṣiṇasya
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणानाम्
dákṣiṇānām
Locative दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणेषु
dákṣiṇeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दक्षिणा
dákṣiṇā
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणाः
dákṣiṇāḥ
Vocative दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणाः
dákṣiṇāḥ
Accusative दक्षिणाम्
dákṣiṇām
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणाः
dákṣiṇāḥ
Instrumental दक्षिणया / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇayā / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणाभिः
dákṣiṇābhiḥ
Dative दक्षिणायै
dákṣiṇāyai
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणाभ्यः
dákṣiṇābhyaḥ
Ablative दक्षिणायाः / दक्षिणायै²
dákṣiṇāyāḥ / dákṣiṇāyai²
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणाभ्यः
dákṣiṇābhyaḥ
Genitive दक्षिणायाः / दक्षिणायै²
dákṣiṇāyāḥ / dákṣiṇāyai²
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणानाम्
dákṣiṇānām
Locative दक्षिणायाम्
dákṣiṇāyām
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणासु
dákṣiṇāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दक्षिणम्
dákṣiṇam
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹
Vocative दक्षिण
dákṣiṇa
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹
Accusative दक्षिणम्
dákṣiṇam
दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹
Instrumental दक्षिणेन
dákṣiṇena
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹
dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹
Dative दक्षिणाय
dákṣiṇāya
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Ablative दक्षिणात्
dákṣiṇāt
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Genitive दक्षिणस्य
dákṣiṇasya
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणानाम्
dákṣiṇānām
Locative दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणेषु
dákṣiṇeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa) stemm

  1. right (side)
  2. south

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दक्षिणः
dákṣiṇaḥ
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹
dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative दक्षिण
dákṣiṇa
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹
dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative दक्षिणम्
dákṣiṇam
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹
dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹
दक्षिणान्
dákṣiṇān
Instrumental दक्षिणेन
dákṣiṇena
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹
dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹
Dative दक्षिणाय
dákṣiṇāya
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Ablative दक्षिणात्
dákṣiṇāt
दक्षिणाभ्याम्
dákṣiṇābhyām
दक्षिणेभ्यः
dákṣiṇebhyaḥ
Genitive दक्षिणस्य
dákṣiṇasya
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणानाम्
dákṣiṇānām
Locative दक्षिणे
dákṣiṇe
दक्षिणयोः
dákṣiṇayoḥ
दक्षिणेषु
dákṣiṇeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Coordinate terms

  • (compass points)
पश्चिमोत्तर (paścimottara) उत्तर (uttara) ईशान (īśāna)
पश्चिम (paścima) पूर्व (pūrva)
दक्षिणपश्चिम (dakṣiṇapaścima) दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa) दक्षिणपूर्व (dakṣiṇapūrva)


Descendants

Borrowed terms

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “दक्षिण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 465/2.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dákṣiṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 690-691