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ἶρις. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
ἶρις, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
ἶρις in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
ἶρις you have here. The definition of the word
ἶρις will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
ἶρις, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Originally with an initial digamma, as *ϝῖρις (*wîris); further origin uncertain. The traditional etymology, from Proto-Indo-European *wih₁-r- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”) (compare English wire, Swedish vira (“to twist”), Welsh gŵyr (“bent”)), from *weyh₁- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”), is suspicious on account of the irregular variation between ⟨ε⟩ and ⟨ι⟩ as well as the suffix -ις (-is), -ιδος (-idos). Furthermore, even the derivation of *ϝῖρ- (*wîr-) seems phonetically improbable given the modern reconstruction of the root as *weh₁-y-. Thus, Furnée and Beekes argue for Pre-Greek origin.[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /îː.ris/ → /ˈi.ris/ → /ˈi.ris/
Noun
ἶρις • (îris) f (genitive ῑ̓́ρῐδος); third declension
- rainbow
- halo
- various species of the genus Iris
Declension
Derived terms
References
- ^ Furnée, Edzard Johan (1972) Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen (Janua linguarum. Series practica; 150) (in German), The Hague and Paris: Mouton, page 356
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἶρις, -ιδος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 598
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “ἶρις, -ιδος”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
Further reading
- “ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἶρις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.