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つもり. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
つもり, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
つもり in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Japanese
Etymology 1
The continuative form of 積もる (tsumoru, “to intend”).
Suffix
つもり • (-tsumori)
- intend to, purpose of, plan to
- 行く積もりだ。
- Iku tsumori da.
- I intend to go.
- 私は彼に電話するつもりだ。
- Watashi wa kare ni denwa suru tsumori da.
- I'm going to call him.
- (After the past form of a verb) convicted to, believe to
Usage notes
- This word is usually written using hiragana alone (つもり) instead of kanji (積もり), as it is grammaticalized – compare みる (miru) (from 見る) and others.
- つもり cannot be used as a nominal – 「つもりは…」 (“The plan is…”) is incorrect. It is rather a suffix, 〜つもり.
- For a nominal meaning “plan”, 企画 (kikaku) or other such words are used instead.
- 〜つもり has a different meaning when it follows a verb that is in the present-future (non-past, imperfective) tense – in which case it means “plan, intention” – and when it modifies either a verb in the past (perfective) tense, or an adjective, or a noun followed by 〜の – in which case it means “conviction, belief, impression, understanding”.
- This latter usage is less-taught in textbooks; see Rubin reference for extended discussion. A humorous example use is, if asked 「アメリカの方ですか?」 (“Are you American?”) – and one in fact is – to reply 「アメリカ人のつもりですけど…」 (“Well, I was the last time I looked…”, literally “I believe that I am an American ”).
References
- “Tsumori and the Vanishing Beefsteak”, in Making sense of Japanese: what the textbooks don’t tell you, Jay Rubin, pp. 101–104
Etymology 2
- (appearing in standard Japanese dictionaries) つぶり (tsuburi), つむり (tsumuri)
Pronunciation
Noun
つもり • (tsumori)
- (dialect, Kyūshū, Ibaraki)[1][2] head
- Synonym: (standard Japanese) あたま (atama)
1930, 雨森芳洲 (Amenomori Hōshū), “疾病”, in 交隣須知 (Kōrin suchi), 小倉文庫 edition, volume 1:
- 頭痛 ツモリノイタム所ニ木枕ヲヤメテフセ枕ヲナサレマセイ
- zutsū tsumori no itamu tokoro ni kimakura o yamete fuse-makura o nasaremasei
- Headache: Stop using a wooden pillow and use a laid pillow, to the place where hurts in your head, sir.
頭痛 머리 앏픈 ᄃᆡ 목침을 말고 슈침을 폐ᄋᆞᆸ소 (original Korean)
References
- ^ 野原三義 ((Can we date this quote?)) “琉球方言と九州諸方言との比較(III)”, in 沖縄国際大学文学部紀要, page 9
つぶり 頭 「葉隠」(『九州方言』)
〃 〃 『宮崎方』
つもり天々 頭を津裳利トハ云 『菊池俗言考』
tʃiburu <頭>
- ^ “茨城の人体用語”, in 昔の茨城弁集, (Can we date this quote?)