のむ

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Japanese

Alternative spellings
飲む
呑む
喫む (uncommon)

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1] Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *nəmu.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「飲む
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
飲む
Imperative (命令形) 飲め
Key constructions
Passive 飲まれる まれ
Causative 飲ませる ませ
Potential 飲める
Volitional 飲もう
Negative 飲まない ない
Negative perfective 飲まなかった なかった
Formal 飲みます みま
Perfective 飲んだ んだ
Conjunctive 飲んで んで
Hypothetical conditional 飲めば めば

Verb

のむ (nomutransitive godan (stem のみ (nomi), past のんだ (nonda))

  1. 飲む, 呑む:[note 1] to drink, to gulp, to swallow; to eat (soup)
    (わたし)たちさじスープ()
    Watashitachi wa saji de sūpu o nomu.
    We eat soup with a spoon.
    (わたし)ミルク()いた
    Watashi wa miruku o nondeita.
    I was drinking milk.
  2. 飲む, 喫む:[note 1] (smoking) to smoke tobacco
    Synonym: すう (suu, literally to suck)
  3. 飲む: to overwhelm, to engulf
  4. 飲む: to suppress, to keep down
  5. 飲む, 呑む: to take (medicine)
    (くすり)()
    kusuri o nomu
    to take medicine
  6. 飲む, 呑む: to accept something like a demand or a condition

Usage notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 narrowly refers to drinking, while narrowly refers to swallowing. is usually restricted to smoking.

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ 飲・呑”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN