中古

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Chinese

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 中 古
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 東 (2) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 陟弓切 公戸切
Baxter trjuwng kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈɨuŋ/ /kuoX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈiuŋ/ /kuoX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶiuŋ/ /koX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈuwŋ/ /kɔX/
Li
Rong 		/ȶiuŋ/ /koX/
Wang
Li 		/ȶĭuŋ/ /kuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȶi̯uŋ/ /kuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhōng gǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zung1 gu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 中 古
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhōng gǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trjuwng › ‹ kuX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*truŋ/ /*kˁaʔ/
English center ancient

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 中 古
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 17407 4219
Phonetic
component 		中 古
Rime
group 		終 魚
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		中 古
Old
Chinese 		/*tuŋ/ /*kaːʔ/

Etymology 1

middle old
simp. and trad.
(中古) 		中 古

Adjective

中古

  1. middle(-aged) (as in Middle English, Middle Chinese, etc.)
Descendants
  • → Mongolian: дундад эртний (dundad ertnii) (calque)

Noun

中古

  1. middle antiquity (from 3rd to 9th century)
Derived terms

Proper noun

中古

  1. the Middle Ages

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中(ちゅう)古(こ) (chūko, “secondhand”).

Adjective

中古

  1. (Taiwan) used; second hand
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Chinese; China; Sino- Cuba; Cuban
simp. and trad.
(中古) 		中 古

Adjective

中古

  1. Sino-Cuban

Proper noun

中古

  1. China and Cuba

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
中 古
ちゅう
Grade: 1 		こ
Grade: 2
on'yomi kan'on
 中古 (時代区分) on Japanese Wikipedia
 中古日本語 on Japanese Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Noun

中(ちゅう)古(こ) • (chūko) ←ちゆうこ (tyuuko)?

  1. a secondhand or used item
    Synonyms: セコハン (sekohan), セコンドハンド (sekondo-hando), セカンドハンド (sekando-hando)
  2. medieval times (in Japanese history, including the Heian period)
    Coordinate terms: 上古 (jōko), 近古 (kinko)
  3. Short for 中古日本語 (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
中 古
ちゅう
Grade: 1 		ふる > ぶる
Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi

Pronunciation

Noun

中(ちゅう)古(ぶる) • (chūburu) 

  1. (slang) a secondhand or used item

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
中古

Noun

中古 • (junggo) (hangeul 중고)

  1. hanja form? of 중고 (“secondhand”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
中古

Adjective

中古

  1. chữ Hán form of trung cổ (“medieval”).
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