丸太
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Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 丸 | 太 |
| まる Grade: 2 |
た Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | kan'yōon |
Etymology
Compound of 丸 (maru, “circle; round”) + 太 (ta, “fat”, here possibly emphasizing the roundness).[1][2]
First cited to a text from 1633.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
丸太 • (maruta) (alternative reading hiragana まろた, rōmaji marota) (less common)
- a log: unsawn lumber (UK) or timber (US), a section of a tree cut to a length and with the bark removed, but otherwise round and unfinished
- Synonym of 似鯉 (nigoi, “Hemibarbus barbus”)
- the Pacific redfin, Pseudaspius brandtii
- Synonym: 丸太石斑魚 (maruta ugui)
- (historical, slang) during the Edo period, derogatory term for an unlicensed prostitute dressed as a Buddhist nun as a form of disguise from the authorities (from the way the shaven head looks a bit like a debarked log, and from the way that they both roll around)
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:娼婦
- (historical) human test subjects of Unit 731
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 丸太小屋 (maruta-goya): a log cabin
- 丸太ん棒 (marutanbō): a log (more casual)
- 丸太魚 (maruta uo): a maruta fish: a ニゴイ (nigoi)
- 丸太式舞台 (maruta-shiki butai): a log-style (theater) stage, made of hewn logs
- 丸太舟 (marutabune): a kind of boat made of logs and used mainly on Lake Biwa from the medieval period
- 丸太洗い (marutārai): logs used to shore up the bottom of a reservoir pond or sewer outlet
Idioms
- 丸太に糠釘 (maruta ni nukakugi): “a tack into a log” → a metaphor for one's intentions or feelings not getting through to another person, much as a tack will not go through a log
Descendants
- → Korean: 마루타 (maruta, “human guinea pig”)
- → Mandarin: 馬路大 / 马路大 (mǎlùdà)
Further reading
Lumber on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - 木材 (Lumber) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
- ニゴイ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (Hemibarbus barbus)
- ウグイ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (Tribolodon hakonensis)
- Edo period on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Ukiyo on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN