乍
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Translingual
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Han character
乍 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸 (HS) or 人尸 (OS), four-corner 80211, composition ⿱𠂉⿰丨二)
Derived characters
- 作, 泎, 咋, 怍, 拃, 阼, 岞, 妰, 炸, 昨, 柞, 胙, 㸲, 祚, 砟, 秨, 蚱, 舴, 䋏, 詐, 酢, 䝫, 䟭, 䞢, 飵, 鈼, 䩆, 鮓, 齚, 厏, 岝, 苲, 㡸, 怎, 迮, 窄, 痄, 笮
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 82, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 130
- Dae Jaweon: page 165, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E4D
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 乍 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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 j27471  j27472  j27473  j27474  j27475  j27476  j27477  j27478  j27479  j27480  j27481  j27482  j27483  j27484  j27485  j27486  j27487  j27488  j27489  j27490  j27491  j27492  j27493  j27494  j27495  j27496  j27497  j27498  j27499  j27500  j27501  j27502  j27503  j27504  j27505  j27506  j27507  j27508  j27509  j27510  j27511  j27512  j27513  j27514  j27515  j27516  j27517  j27518  j27519  j27520  j27521  j27522  j27523  j27524  j27525  j27526  j27527  j27528  j27529  b17714  b17715  b17716  b17717  b17718  b17719  b17720  b17721  b17722  b17723  b17724  b17725  b17726  b17727  b17728  b17729  b17730  b17731  b17732  b17733  b17734  b17735  b17736  b17737  b17738  b17739  b17740  b17741  b17742  b17743  b17744  b17745  b17746  b17747  b17748  b17749  b17750  b17751  b17752  b17753  b17754  b17755  b17756  b17757  b17758  b17759  b17760  b17761  b17762  b17763  b17764  b17765  b17766  b17767  b17768  b17769  b17770  b17771  b17772  b17773  b17774  b17775  b17776  b17777  b17778  b17779  b17780  b17781  b17782  b17783  b17784  b17785  b17786  b17787  b17788  b17789  b17790  b17791  b17792  b17793  b17794  b17795  b17796  b17797  b17798  b17799  b17800  b17801  b17802  b17803  b17804  b17805  b17806  b17807  b17808  b17809  b17810  b17811  b17812  b17813  b17814  b17815  b17816  b17817  b17818  b17819  b17820  b17821  b17822  b17823  b17824  b17825  b17826  b17827  b17828  b17829  b17830  b17831  b17832  b17833  b17834  b17835  b17836  b17837  b17838  b17839  b17840  b17841  b17842  b17843  b17844  b17845  b17846  b17847  b17848  b17849  s09434 Transcribed ancient scripts  L23775  L23776  L23777 | ||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 作 | *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ |
| 鲊 | *ʔsraːʔ |
| 痄 | *ʔsraːʔ |
| 厏 | *ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ |
| 詐 | *ʔsraːɡs |
| 咋 | *ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ |
| 笮 | *ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 榨 | *ʔsraːɡs |
| 炸 | *ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb |
| 乍 | *zraːɡs |
| 拃 | *ʔsraːnʔ |
| 酢 | *sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 祚 | *zaːɡs |
| 胙 | *zaːɡs |
| 阼 | *zaːɡs |
| 飵 | *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 秨 | *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 迮 | *ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 柞 | *ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ |
| 昨 | *zaːɡ |
| 怍 | *zaːɡ |
| 砟 | *zaːɡ |
| 莋 | *zaːɡ |
| 岝 | *zaːɡ, *zraːɡ |
| 鈼 | *zaːɡ |
| 筰 | *zaːɡ |
| 葃 | *zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ |
| 舴 | *ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 窄 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 蚱 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 齚 | *zraːɡ |
| 泎 | *zraːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – an axe chopping wood. Original form of 柞.
Etymology 1
| simp. and trad. |
乍 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠆦 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa3 / zaa6
- Eastern Min (BUC): cá / câ / ciáh / ciá
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chā / chà / chèe
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6zo
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhà
- Wade–Giles: cha4
- Yale: jà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jah
- Palladius: чжа (čža)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaa3 / zaa6
- Yale: ja / jah
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa3 / dzaa6
- Guangdong Romanization: za3 / za6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saː³³/, /t͡saː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cá / câ / ciáh / ciá
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑ²¹³/, /t͡sɑ²⁴²/, /t͡siɑʔ²⁴/, /t͡siɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chā
- Tâi-lô: tsā
- Phofsit Daibuun: za
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sa²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chà
- Tâi-lô: tsà
- Phofsit Daibuun: zax
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sa²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèe
- Tâi-lô: tsèe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dzraeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ˤrak-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zraːɡs/
Definitions
乍
- suddenly
- at first
- (Eastern Min) just; exactly
- (Eastern Min) only a short while ago; just
- a surname: Zha[1]
References
- ^ “乍姓起源、名人分布及起名大全”, in 百家姓大全 - 911查询 (in Chinese), 2024
Etymology 2
| simp. and trad. |
乍 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 蘸 | |
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chàⁿ
Definitions
乍
- (Southern Min) to deep-fry slightly
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 炸 (“to deep-fry”)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 炸, 油炸 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 炸 |
| Taiwan | 炸 | |
| Singapore | 炸 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 炸 |
| Hong Kong | 炸 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 炸 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 炸 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 浮 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 炸 | |
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 浮 | |
| Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 浮 | |
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 浮, 炸 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 浮 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 浮 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 浮 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 糋 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 炸, 浮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 糋, 浮, 乍 |
| Quanzhou | 糋, 浮, 乍 | |
| Zhangzhou | 糋, 浮, 乍 | |
| Tainan | 糋, 浮, 乍 GT | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 糋 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 糋 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 糋 | |
| Chaozhou | 炸 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 炸, 氽, 煠 |
| Suzhou | 氽, 煠 | |
| Wuxi | 煠 | |
| Hangzhou | 煠, 氽 | |
| Ningbo | 煠, 氽 | |
| Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 煠 | |
| Ningbo (Fenghua) | 煠 | |
| Zhoushan | 煠 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Etymology 3
| For pronunciation and definitions of 乍 – see 作 (“to get up; to get up and go to work; etc.”). (This character is an ancient variant form of 作). |
Etymology 4
| For pronunciation and definitions of 乍 – see 榨 (“to press or extract juices; to squeeze; press to extract juices; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 榨). |
Notes:
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Further reading
- (Min Nan) “Entry #1307”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
Kanji
乍
- Although
Readings
As an alternative form of 作:
Korean
Hanja
- (for) a short time
References
Vietnamese
Han character
乍: Hán Nôm readings: chạ, sạ, cha, sã, chả
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