. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
See also: 入 ,
𠆢 ,
ㅅ , and 亻
Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order
亻 ( when used as a left radical )
𠂉 ( when used as an upper radical )
Han character
人 (Kangxi radical 9, 人 +0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 人 (O ), four-corner 80000 , composition ⿸丿 ㇏ )
Kangxi radical #9, ⼈ .
Derived characters
Appendix:Chinese radical/人
认 , 㕥 , 汄 , 队 , 㫃 , 㽗 , 𬖌 , 龪 , 𨤿 , 閄 (𬮘 ), 䖋 , 飤 (𬲦 ), 魜 (𬶁 ), 㞤 , 閃 (闪 )
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 91 , character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 344
Dae Jaweon: page 190, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 101, character 10
Unihan data for U+4EBA
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 人
Shang
Western Zhou
Spring and Autumn
Warring States
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han )
Hanjian (compiled in Song )
Guwen Sishengyun (compiled in Song )
Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song )
Liushutong (compiled in Ming )
Libian (compiled in Qing )
Tang Stone Classics
Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing )
Bronze inscriptions
Oracle bone script
Bronze inscriptions
Oracle bone script
Bronze inscriptions
Bronze inscriptions
Chu slip and silk script
Qin slip script
Odd character
Small seal script
Transcribed ancient scripts
Transcribed ancient scripts
Transcribed ancient scripts
Transcribed ancient scripts
Clerical script
Regular script
Ming typeface
j18642
j18643
j18644
j18645
j18646
j18647
j18648
j18649
j18650
j18651
j18652
j18653
j18654
j18655
j18656
j18657
j18658
j18659
j18660
j18661
j18662
j18663
j18664
j18665
j18666
j18667
j18668
j18669
j18670
j18671
j18672
j18673
j18674
j18675
j18676
j18677
j18678
j18679
j18680
j18681
j18682
j18683
j18684
j18685
j18686
j18687
j18688
j18689
j18690
j18691
j18692
j18693
j18694
j18695
j18696
j18697
j18698
j18699
j18700
j18701
j18702
j18703
j18704
j18705
j18706
j18707
j18708
j18709
j18710
j18711
j18712
j18713
j18714
j18715
j18716
j18717
j18718
j18719
j18720
j18721
j18722
j18723
j18724
j18725
j18726
j18727
j18728
j18729
j18730
j18731
j18732
j18733
j18734
j18735
j18736
j18737
j18738
j18739
j18740
j18741
j18742
j18743
j18744
j18745
j18746
j18747
j18748
j18749
j18750
j18751
j18752
j18753
j18754
j18755
j18756
j18757
j18758
j18759
j18760
j18761
j18762
j18763
j18764
j18765
j18766
j18767
j18768
j18769
j18770
j18771
b12132
b12133
b12136
b12137
b12138
b12139
b12140
b12141
b12142
b12143
b12144
b12145
b12146
b12147
b12148
b12149
b12150
b12151
b12152
b12153
b12154
b12155
b12156
b12157
b12158
b12159
b12160
b12161
b12162
b12163
b12164
b12165
b12166
b12167
b12168
b12169
b12170
s05651
Transcribed ancient scripts
L31206
L31207
L31208
L31209
L31210
L04628
L04629
L04630
L04631
L04632
L04633
L04634
L04635
L04636
L04637
L04638
L04639
L04640
L04641
L04642
L04643
L04644
L04645
L04646
L04647
References :
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation ), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Old Chinese
千
*sn̥ʰiːn
仟
*sn̥ʰiːn
芊
*sn̥ʰiːn, *sn̥ʰiːns
阡
*sn̥ʰiːn
汘
*sn̥ʰiːn
迁
*sn̥ʰiːn
杄
*sn̥ʰiːn
人
*njin
仁
*njin
朲
*njin
佞
*neːŋs
Pictogram (象形 ) – side view of a standing man, highlighting the arms and legs. Compare 大 and 立 ( lì ) .
亼 is similar but unrelated; it represents an open mouth flipped upside down and appears on top of characters such as 食, 金, 令, and 今.
It represents a roof in the characters 余, 茶, 舍, and 倉.
Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
人
alternative forms
亻 component 𠆢 component ⺈ component 儿 component 𠂉 component 亻 component 𠆢 component ⺈ component 儿 component 𠂉 component 几 𠔽 𤯔 𦉫 寧 / 宁 Northern Wu
Sagart (1999) relates it to Tibetan ཉེན ( nyen , “ relative ” ) , from ཉེ ( nye , “ near ” ) + nominalizing suffix -n ; if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej ( “ near ” ) .
Schuessler (2007) proposes two etymologies:
Same etymon as 仁 (OC *njin , “to be kind; to be good”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-niŋ ( “ heart; brain; mind ” ) . The semantic association of 仁 with 人 was somewhat late, dated to Mencius 's time; later on, 仁 would be usually interpreted as "humane, acting like a human being".
If so, semantically parallel with Tibetan སེམས་ཅན ( sems can , “ living being, human, animal ” , literally “ possessor of mind ” ) ; and Latin animalis ( “ living, having soul ” ) from anima ( “ soul ” ) .
Related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɲaʔ ~ *ɲah ( “ person ” ) with a nominalizing suffix -n , from the auto-ethnonym of a hostile, possibly Austroasiatic-speaking , eastern people, whom the Sinitic-speaking Shang referred to as 人方 (OC *njin paŋ ).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : rén (ren2 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄖㄣˊ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : ren2
(Xi'an , Guanzhong Pinyin ) : rén
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : жын (řɨn, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : jan4 / jan4-2 / jan4-1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : ngin3
Gan (Wiktionary ) : nyin4 / liin4
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : ngìn
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : ngin2
Jin (Wiktionary ) : reng1
Northern Min (KCR ) : nêng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : ìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : jîn / lîn
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : ring5 / rêng5
Wu (Wugniu )
(Northern ) : 6 gnin / 2 gnin / 6 zen / 2 zen / 2 zeen / 2 zyun
(Jinhua ) : 2 gnin; 2 zhin
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : ren2
Note :
nyin4 - vernacular;
liin4 - literary.
Note :
rêng5 - Jieyang;
ring5 - other places.
Wu
(Northern : Shanghai )
(Northern : Jiading , Songjiang , Chongming , Suzhou , Changzhou , Jiaxing , Tongxiang , Haining , Haiyan , Hangzhou , Shaoxing , Ningbo )
(Northern : Shanghai )
(Northern : Jiading , Songjiang , Chongming , Suzhou , Changzhou , Jiaxing , Tongxiang , Haining , Haiyan , Hangzhou )
(Northern : Shaoxing )
(Northern : Ningbo )
(Jinhua )
Note :
gnin - colloquial;
zen, 2 zeen (Shaoxing), 2 zyun (Ningbo) - literary;
2 gnin (Hangzhou) - younger speakers only, influenced by other Wu lects.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
人
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
rén
Middle Chinese
‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese
/*ni/
English
(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
人
Reading #
1/1
No.
10800
Phonetic component
人
Rime group
眞
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
仁
Old Chinese
/*njin/
Definitions
人
man ; person ; people (Classifier : 個 / 个 m c ; 隻 / 只 h )
人 類/ 人 类 ― rén lèi ― humans
那 人 是 誰 ?/ 那 人 是 谁 ? ― Nà rén shì shéi? ― Who is that person ?
嗰個 人 係 邊個 嚟 㗎 ? [Cantonese , trad. ] 嗰个 人 系 边个 嚟 㗎 ? [Cantonese , simp. ] go2 go3 jan4-2 hai6 bin1 go3 lai4 gaa3 ? Who is that person ?
有人 敲門 了 。/ 有人 敲门 了 。 ― Yǒurén qiāomén le. ― Someone knocked on the door.
a person associated with a particular identity or trait ; -er
主持人 ― zhǔchírén ― host
北京人 ― Běijīngrén ― Beijinger
香港人 [Cantonese ] ― hoeng1 gong2 jan4 ― Hongkonger
body
人 在 心 不 在 ― rén zài xīn bù zài ― the body is here but the heart is not
這 兩 天 人 不大 舒服 。 [MSC , trad. ] 这 两 天 人 不大 舒服 。 [MSC , simp. ] Zhè liǎng tiān rén bùdà shūfú. I haven't been feeling that well these few days.
今天 上午 你 人 在 哪 ? [MSC , trad. and simp. ] Jīntiān shàngwǔ nǐ rén zài nǎ? Where have you been this morning?
everybody ; everyone
人 手一冊/ 人 手一册 ― rén shǒu yīcè ― It's a bestseller. (literally, “Everyone has a copy.”)
人 所共知 ― rén suǒgòngzhī ― common knowledge
other people ; others
人 云亦云 ― rén yún yìyún ― to follow the crowd (literally, “to say what others say”)
害人 害己 ― hàirén hàijǐ ― to harm others and oneself
physical , psychological or moral quality or condition ; character ; personality (Classifier : 份 c ; 個 / 个 c )
就我所知 ,他 人 不錯 。 [MSC , trad. ] 就我所知 ,他 人 不错 。 [MSC , simp. ] Jiùwǒsuǒzhī, tā rén bùcuò. As far as I know, he is kind.
我 不 知道 他 是 什麼 人 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我 不 知道 他 是 什么 人 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒ bù zhīdào tā shì shénme rén . I don't know what kind of person he is.
佢 到底 係 咩 人 嚟 㗎 ? [Cantonese , trad. ] 佢 到底 系 咩 人 嚟 㗎 ? [Cantonese , simp. ] keoi5 dou3 dai2 hai6 me1 jan4 lai4 gaa3 ? Exactly what kind of person is he?
佢 個 人 好 懶 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 佢 个 人 好 懒 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] keoi5 go3 jan4 hou2 laan5 . He is very lazy.
manpower ; worker ; employee
我們 公司 正 缺 人 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我们 公司 正 缺 人 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒmen gōngsī zhèng quē rén . Our company is short on manpower right now.
talent ; person of talent
( obsolete ) common people ; commoner
adult ; grown-up
長大 成人 / 长大 成人 ― zhǎngdà chéngrén ― to grow up to be an adult
artificial ; man-made
人 禍/ 人 祸 ― rén huò ― human disaster
( fantasy , mythology ) were- (indicates a person who changes shape into an animal )
狼人 ― lángrén ― were wolf
虎人 ― hǔrén ― were tiger
( Cantonese ) used as a dummy pronoun ; someone ; others
( Zhao'an Hakka ) pluralizes a personal pronoun
𠊎人 、你人 、佢人 [Zhao'an Hakka , trad. and simp. ] ngai` ngin` , hen` ngin` , gui` ngin` [Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System ] we, you all, they
( obsolete ) sexual intercourse
人 道 ― rén dào ― sexual intercourse
人 事 ― rén shì ― sexual intercourse
( obsolete ) company ; companion ; friend
( obsolete ) human affairs ; ways of the world
( obsolete ) mortal world ; earthly word
( obsolete ) Alternative form of 仁 ( rén , “ kernel ” )
( obsolete ) Alternative form of 仁 ( rén , “ charity ” )
( obsolete ) Alternative form of 仁 ( rén , “ loving ; kind ” )
( Beijing Mandarin ) Lenition of 人家 (rénjia ).
別 磨蹭 啦 ,人 在 外頭 等 著 我們 呢 ! [dialectal Mandarin , trad. ] 别 磨蹭 啦 ,人 在 外头 等 着 我们 呢 ! [dialectal Mandarin , simp. ] Bié móceng la, rén zǎi wàitou děng zhe wǒmen ne! Stop dilly-dallying. He/She/They is/are waiting for us outside!
哎呀 ,人 孩子 考上 哈佛 大學 啦 ,多 出息 呀 ! [dialectal Mandarin , trad. ] 哎呀 ,人 孩子 考上 哈佛 大学 啦 ,多 出息 呀 ! [dialectal Mandarin , simp. ] Āiya, rén háizi kǎoshang Hāfó Dàxué la, duō chūxi ya! Geez, his/her/their kid got into Harvard University. How promising!
人 別人 都 不 吱聲兒 ,就 他 把 這 事兒 給 說 出來 了 。 [dialectal Mandarin , trad. ] 人 别人 都 不 吱声儿 ,就 他 把 这 事儿 给 说 出来 了 。 [dialectal Mandarin , simp. ] Rén biéren dōu bù zīshengr, jiù tā bǎ zhèi shìr gěi shuō chulai le. (please add an English translation of this usage example)
( Taishanese ) paternal grandmother
a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
人 (“man; person”)
Dialectal synonyms of
祖母 (“paternal grandmother”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
祖母
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
祖母
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
奶奶 , 奶
Taiwan
奶奶 , 阿嬤
Harbin
奶奶 , 奶
Shenyang
奶奶
Singapore
奶奶
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
奶奶
Jinan
奶奶
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
婆 , 婆婆
Qingdao
奶奶
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
奶奶 , 奶
Wanrong
娘
Zhengzhou
奶奶 , 奶
Xi'an
奶 , 婆 suburbs , 拿拿 Hui
Xining
奶奶
Xuzhou
奶奶
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
奶奶 , 阿奶
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)
拿拿
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
奶奶
Lanzhou
奶奶
Ürümqi
奶奶 , 阿奶 Hui
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
婆婆 , 奶奶
Wuhan
太 , 奶奶 , 婆婆 dated
Guiyang
太太 , 奶奶 , 老太太
Kunming
奶 , 奶奶
Guilin
奶奶
Liuzhou
婆 , 奶 , 阿奶
Shanglin (Sanli)
婆
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
奶奶 , 奶 , 吾奶
Yangzhou
奶奶 , 太太 dated
Nantong
奶奶
Hefei
奶奶
Huanggang
婆婆
Cantonese
Guangzhou
阿嫲
Hong Kong
阿嫲 , 嫲嫲
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
阿嫲 , 嫲
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
阿婆
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
阿婆
Macau
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Xinjiao, Haizhu)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Longxi, Liwan)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Huangpu)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Xinshi, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Shijing, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Jiangcun, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Longgui, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Renhe, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Zhuliao, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Zhongluotan, Baiyun)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Jiufo, Huangpu)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Panyu)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Conghua)
阿嫲
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Foshan
阿嫲
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
阿人
Foshan (Shunde)
阿人
Foshan (Sanshui)
阿嫲
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
阿婆
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
阿婆
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
阿婆
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
阿婆
Zhuhai (Doumen)
阿婆
Jiangmen (Baisha)
阿婆
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
阿婆
Taishan
阿人
Kaiping (Chikan)
阿人
Enping (Niujiang)
阿人
Heshan (Yayao)
阿嫲
Dongguan
阿嫲 , 嫲嫲 , 阿婆
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
阿媽 , 阿嫲
Shenzhen (Dapeng)
阿婆
Qingyuan
阿婆
Fogang
阿嫲
Yingde (Hanguang)
阿嫲
Yangshan
阿婆
Lianshan (Butian)
吾妣
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
阿婆
Shaoguan
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Renhua
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Lechang
阿嫲
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
阿嫲 , 阿奶
Sihui
阿婆
Guangning
阿婆
Deqing
阿婆 , 阿奶
Huaiji
阿婆
Fengkai (Nanfeng)
婆
Yunfu
阿奶
Xinxing
阿娘
Luoding
阿嫲
Yunan (Pingtai)
阿嫲
Yangjiang
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Xinyi
阿婆
Maoming (Xinpo)
阿婆
Lianjiang
阿嫲
Wuchuan (Wuyang)
奶 , 阿奶
Nanning
阿婆 , 婆 , 奶奶
Wuzhou
阿嫲
Yulin
阿婆
Hepu (Lianzhou)
阿嫲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
阿嫲
Singapore (Guangfu)
阿嫲 , 嫲嫲
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
阿嫲
Gan
Nanchang
婆婆 , 奶奶
Lichuan
姆媽
Pingxiang
婆婆
Hakka
Meixian
阿婆
Xingning
阿婆
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)
阿婆
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)
阿婆
Huiyang
阿婆
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)
阿嫲 , 阿婆
Huidong (Daling)
阿婆
Dongguan (Qingxi)
阿婆
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)
阿婆
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)
阿嫲
Boluo (Bendihua)
阿婆 , 阿嫲
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
阿婆
Zengcheng (Zhengguo)
阿婆
Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
阿婆
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
阿婆
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
阿婆
Wuhua (Huacheng)
阿婆
Wuhua (Changbu)
阿婆
Wuhua (Mianyang)
阿婆
Heyuan (Bendihua)
阿婆 , 祖婆
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)
阿嫲
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)
阿婆
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)
阿濟
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)
阿濟
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)
阿嫲
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)
阿嫲
Wengyuan
阿婆
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
娭姐
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)
阿嫲
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)
阿嫲
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
阿婆
Liannan
阿婆
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
阿婆
Jiexi
阿婆
Luhe
阿婆
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
阿嬤
Changting
娭姐
Wuping
娭姐
Wuping (Yanqian)
娭姐
Wuping (Pingyu)
阿婆
Liancheng
阿姐 , 媽
Ninghua
媽媽
Yudu
婆婆 , 婆 , 婆奶
Ningdu
婆婆
Ruijin
奶奶 , 奶
Shicheng
婆
Shangyou (Shexi)
奶奶 , 阿奶
Tonggu (Sandu)
姐姐
Ganzhou (Panlong)
奶奶
Dayu
奶奶
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
阿婆
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
阿婆 , 阿嬤
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
阿婆
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
阿婆 , 阿奶
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
阿嬤 , 阿婆
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
阿媽
Hong Kong
阿婆
Yangxi (Tangkou)
阿婆
Yangchun (Sanjia)
阿婆
Xinyi (Sihe)
阿婆
Xinyi (Qianpai)
阿婆
Gaozhou (Xindong)
阿婆
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
阿婆
Huazhou (Xin'an)
阿婆
Lianjiang (Shijiao)
阿婆
Lianjiang (Qingping)
阿婆 , 阿媽
Mengshan (Xihe)
婆
Luchuan
阿婆
Luchuan (Daqiao)
阿婆
Sabah (Longchuan)
阿婆
Senai (Huiyang)
阿婆
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
阿媽
Singkawang
阿婆
Huizhou
Jixi
婦 , 阿婦
Shexian
奶奶 , 老姨
Huangshan (Tunxi)
老婄 , 婄
Xiuning
阿婄 , 婄 , 奶兒 , 阿奶
Yixian
老婦兒
Qimen
嫗兒 , 娪娭
Wuyuan
婆婆
Fuliang
媽媽
Dexing
娘
Jingde
奶奶
Shitai (Xianyu)
奶奶
Jin
Taiyuan
奶奶
Pingyao
娘娘
Xinzhou
娘娘啊 , 呀娘 , 娘娘
Linhe
娘娘
Hohhot
奶奶
Dongsheng
娘娘
Northern Min
Jian'ou
奶奶 , 媽媽
Jian'ou (Dikou)
阿媽
Songxi
嫲老
Zhenghe
媽老
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
阿老
Jianyang
媽媽
Wuyishan
媽媽
Pucheng (Shibei)
媽媽 , 阿大
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
依媽
Fuzhou (Changle)
依媽
Fuqing
阿媽 , 媽
Yongtai
依媽
Gutian
媽
Fu'an
婆
Ningde
婆
Shouning
阿婆
Zhouning
阿婆
Fuding
阿媽
Matsu
依媽
Singapore (Fuqing)
阿媽
Southern Min
Xiamen
阿媽 , 俺媽 , 內媽
Xiamen (Tong'an)
俺媽 , 阿媽
Quanzhou
阿媽 , 引媽 , 媽仔 , 內媽
Jinjiang
俺媽 , 引媽
Yongchun
阿媽 , 媽
Zhangzhou
阿媽 , 咉媽 , 內媽
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
媽
Zhao'an
媽
Dongshan
阿媽
Taipei
阿媽
New Taipei (Sanxia)
阿媽
Kaohsiung
阿媽
Yilan
阿媽
Changhua (Lukang)
阿媽 , 俺媽
Taichung
阿媽
Taichung (Wuqi)
阿媽
Tainan
阿媽 , 內媽
Taitung
阿媽
Hsinchu
阿媽
Kinmen
俺媽
Penghu (Magong)
阿媽
Penang (Hokkien)
阿媽 , 媽
Singapore (Hokkien)
阿媽 , 俺媽 , 內媽
Manila (Hokkien)
俺媽 , 阿媽 , 引媽
Longyan
媽
Zhangping
媽
Zhangping (Yongfu)
俺媽
Datian
阿媽
Pingnan (Shangdu)
阿媽 , 媽
Chaozhou
阿媽
Shantou
阿媽
Shantou (Chenghai)
阿媽
Jieyang
阿媽
Haifeng
媽 , 阿媽
Bangkok (Teochew)
阿媽
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)
內媽
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
阿媽
Singapore (Teochew)
阿媽
Leizhou
尼奶 , 尼媽 , 奶 , 媽
Wenchang
奶 , 婆
Haikou
阿媽 face-to-face , 阿婆 face-to-face , 媽 non-face-to-face , 婆 non-face-to-face
Singapore (Hainanese)
阿婆
Puxian Min
Putian
阿媽
Xianyou
阿媽
Central Min
Yong'an
俺媽
Sanming (Sanyuan)
婆媽
Sanming (Shaxian)
俺媽
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
婆
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
婆 , 阿婆
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
奶 , 阿奶 , 奶奶 , 太婆
Northern Pinghua
Guilin (Dahe)
奶奶
Shehua
Fu'an
阿婆
Fuding
阿嫲
Luoyuan
阿嫲
Sanming
阿嫲
Shunchang
阿婆
Hua'an
阿婆
Guixi (Zhangping)
阿婆
Cangnan
嫲
Jingning (Hexi)
姐
Lishui
姐
Longyou
阿姐
Chaozhou
姐
Fengshun
姐
Waxiang
Guzhang (Gaofeng)
婆
Wu
Shanghai
爾奶 , 阿奶 , 奶奶
Shanghai (Chongming)
裡婆 , 親婆 , 婆 , 阿婆 , 婆阿
Suzhou
好婆 , 好親婆 , 親婆
Wuxi
親娘
Danyang
嫚嫚
Hangzhou
奶奶
Ningbo
阿娘
Wenzhou
娘娘 , 祖婆 , 祖婆娘 , 阿娘
Jinhua
媽媽
Jinhua (Tangxi)
媽媽
Xiang
Changsha
娭毑
Xiangtan
娭毑
Loudi
佳婆 , 奶奶
Shuangfeng
奶奶
Hengyang
奶奶
Quanzhou
奶奶
Compounds
Descendants
Etymology 2
The Min native word for “person”; used as a replacement character for 儂 / 侬 . It is historically attested for Hokkien in the Arte de la Lengua Chiõ Chiu (1620) and Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642).[ 1] [ 2] Use of 人 for Hokkien is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education (ROC MOE).
Pronunciation 1
Eastern Min
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , Jinjiang , Nan'an , Hui'an , Yongchun , Zhangpu , Changtai , Longyan , General Taiwanese , Singapore , Penang , Philippines )
Pe̍h-ōe-jī : lâng
Tâi-lô : lâng
Phofsit Daibuun : laang
IPA (Zhangpu ) : /laŋ²¹³/
IPA (Xiamen , Quanzhou , Jinjiang , Nan'an , Hui'an , Yongchun , Changtai , Taipei , Singapore , Philippines ) : /laŋ²⁴/
IPA (Zhangzhou ) : /laŋ¹³/
IPA (Kaohsiung , Penang ) : /laŋ²³/
IPA (Longyan ) : /laŋ¹¹/
(Teochew )
Definitions
人 ( Coastal Min )
man ; person ; people ; human being ; Homo sapiens (Classifier : 個 / 个 mn ; 隻 / 只 md )
a person associated with a particular identity or trait ; -er
臺灣人 / 台湾人 [Hokkien ] ― Tâi-oân-lâng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī ] ― Taiwanese
physical, psychological or moral quality or condition
伊 人 𣍐䆀 。 [Hokkien , trad. ] 伊 人 𫧃䆀 。 [Hokkien , simp. ] I lâng bē-bái. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī ] He is kind.
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
人 ( Coastal Min )
other people
I ; me
Synonyms
References
^ Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum (overall work in Early Modern Spanish, Hokkien, and Classical Mandarin), kept as Vocabulario Español-Chino con caracteres chinos (TOMO 215) in the University of Santo Tomás Archives , Manila: Dominican Order of Preachers , 1626-1642 ; republished as Lee, Fabio Yuchung (李毓中), Chen, Tsung-jen (陳宗仁), José, Regalado Trota, Caño, José Luis Ortigosa, editors, Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series I: Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum , Hsinchu: National Tsing Hua University Press , 2018 , →ISBN
^ Mançano, Melchior, Feyjoó, Raymundo (1620 ) Arte de la Lengua Chiõ Chiu , Manila ; Biblioteca Patrimonial Digital edition, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Centre de Recursos per a l'Aprenentatge i la Investigació, 2015
Further reading
Japanese
Kanji
人
(First grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
⟨pi1 to2 ⟩ → */pʲitə/ → /fito/ → /hito/ → /çito/
From Old Japanese , from Proto-Japonic *pitə .
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE .[ 1]
Pronunciation
Noun
人( ひと ) or 人( ヒト ) • (hito ) (counter 人 )
a person , human
an individual
Synonym: 個人 ( kojin )
mankind , people
Synonyms: 人類 ( jinrui ) , 人間 ( ningen )
character , personality
Synonyms: 人格 ( jinkaku ) , 人柄 ( hitogara )
an average person
Synonym: 世人 ( sejin, yohito )
( law ) legal person
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Synonyms: 方 ( kata ) , 者 ( mono )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
an adult
Synonyms: 大人 ( otona ) , 成人 ( seijin )
someone ( else )
人( ひと ) の物( もの ) を盗( ぬす ) むhito no mono onusumuto steal someone 's things; to steal people 's things
Usage notes
When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as ヒト .
From Old Japanese or Middle Japanese development, hito is sometimes shifted to -uto , -udo , -to , -tto , or -do .
Derived terms
Derived terms
人( ひと ) 人( びと ) ( hitobito ) , 人々( ひとびと ) ( hitobito , “ people ” )
人( ひと ) 垣( がき ) ( hitogaki )
人( ひと ) 影( かげ ) ( hitokage , “ figure or shadow of a person ” )
人( ひと ) 柄( がら ) ( hitogara )
人( ひと ) 気( け ) ( hitoke )
人( ひと ) 心( ごころ ) ( hitogokoro )
人( ひと ) 質( じち ) ( hitojichi )
人( ひと ) 魂( だま ) ( hitodama )
人( ひと ) 伝( づて ) ( hitozute )
人( ひと ) 手( で ) ( hitode )
人( ひと ) 出( で ) ( hitode )
為人( ひととなり ) ( hitotonari )
人( ひと ) 並( なみ ) ( hitonami ) , 人( ひと ) 並( な ) み ( hitonami )
人( ひと ) 波( なみ ) ( hitonami )
人( ひと ) の世( よ ) ( hito no yo ) : this world , the world of humans ( as opposed to the world of the gods )
人( ひと ) 前( まえ ) ( hitomae )
人( ひと ) 身( み ) ( hitomi )
商人( あきゅうど ) ( akyūdo ) , 商人( あきんど ) ( akindo , “ trader , shopkeeper , merchant ” )
弟( おとうと ) ( otōto , “ younger brother ” )
首( おびと ) ( obito ) : a chief or boss ; a clan in ancient Japan
狩人( かりゅうど ) ( karyūdo ) , 猟人( かりゅうど ) ( karyūdo )
玄人( くろうと ) ( kurōto , “ expert , professional ” )
蔵人( くろうど ) ( kurōdo )
恋( こい ) 人( びと ) ( koibito )
妹( いもうと ) ( imōto , “ younger sister ” )
舅( しゅうと ) ( shūto , “ father-in-law ” )
姑( しゅうと ) ( shūto , “ mother-in-law ” )
素人( しろうと ) ( shirōto , “ amateur , novice ” )
旅( たび ) 人( びと ) ( tabibito )
官( つかさ ) 人( びと ) ( tsukasabito )
仲人( なこうど ) ( nakōdo , “ go-between , matchmaker ” )
隼( はや ) 人( ひと ) ( hayahito ) , 隼人( はやと ) ( hayato )
真( ま ) 人( ひと ) ( mahito ) , 真人( まとうど ) ( matōdo ) , 真人( もうと ) ( mōto ) : a clan in ancient Japan; a noble ; someone who is very honest and straightforward
客人( まろうど ) ( marōdo , “ visitor , guest ” )
召人( めしゅうど ) ( meshūdo )
囚人( めしゅうど ) ( meshūdo , “ prisoner ” )
寄( より ) 人( びと ) ( yoribito ) , 寄人( よりゅうど ) ( yoryūdo )
若人( わこうど ) ( wakōdo )
Pronoun
人( ひと ) • (hito )
( archaic ) second-person personal pronoun : you
Etymology 2
From Early Middle Chinese 人 (MC nyin ). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing. Compare Shanghainese nyin .
Pronunciation
Noun
人( にん ) • (nin )
a personality
the role of that person
Derived terms
Counter
人( にん ) • (-nin )
counter for number of people
Affix
人( にん ) • (nin )
man
Etymology 3
From Late Middle Chinese 人 (MC nyin ). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare Mandarin 人 ( rén ) .
Pronunciation
Suffix
人( じん ) • (-jin )
person from that group
日本( にほん ) 人( じん ) 、イギリス 人( じん ) 、スペイン 人( じん ) 、ドイツ 人( じん ) 、米国( べいこく ) 人( じん ) 、スコットランド 人( じん ) Nihonjin , Igirisujin , Supeinjin , Doitsujin , Beikokujin , Sukottorandojin a Japanese person, an Englishman , a Spaniard , a German , an American , a Scot
person who does the activity of the suffixed word
Usage notes
When compounding, makes the accent fall on the 自立拍 ( jiritsuhaku , “ autonomous mora ” ) immediately before itself. For example:
There is one notable exception:
Derived terms
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Affix
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
man
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. : artificial , synthetic
Etymology 4
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
From The time allocated for running scripts has expired. . The protoform may have been -ri or -tari , see The time allocated for running scripts has expired. .
Counter
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
See also
Japanese number-counter combinations for The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
1
2
3
4
5
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
6
7
8
9
10
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The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
20
100
1,000
10,000
How many?
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
References
^ The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
↑ 2.0 2.1 The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
↑ 3.0 3.1 The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Korean
Etymology
From The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. .
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Hanja
Wikisource
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Compounds
Compounds
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
References
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, The time allocated for running scripts has expired. .
Kunigami
Kanji
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person
human
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Miyako
Kanji
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person
human
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Okinawan
Kanji
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Compounds
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 1
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person
human
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 2
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
people
person
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. : Yaeyamans, Yaeyama people
Etymology 3
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person ; type of person
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. : public servant, civil servant, government official
Counter
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 4
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Counter
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 5
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Counter
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Vietnamese
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Han character
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. form of The time allocated for running scripts has expired. .
The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. form of The time allocated for running scripts has expired. .
Compounds
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
References
Yaeyama
Kanji
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person
human
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Yonaguni
Kanji
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
person
human
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.