人生

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Chinese

man; person; people
to be born; to give birth; life
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
 
simp. and trad.
(人生) 		人 生
alternative forms 儂生／侬生 Teochew
anagram 生人

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 人 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 生 (21) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 庚 (109) 庚 (109)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III II II
Fanqie 如鄰切 所庚切 所敬切
Baxter nyin sraeng sraengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiɪn/ /ʃˠæŋ/ /ʃˠæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵin/ /ʃᵚaŋ/ /ʃᵚaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjen/ /ʃaŋ/ /ʃaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵin/ /ʂaɨjŋ/ /ʂaɨjŋH/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiĕn/ /ʃɐŋ/ /ʃɐŋH/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭĕn/ /ʃɐŋ/ /ʃɐŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯ĕn/ /ʂɐŋ/ /ʂɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rén shēng shèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan4 sang1 sang3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 人 生 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rén shēng shēng shēng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyin › ‹ sræng › ‹ sræng › ‹ srjæng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ni/ /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) /*sreŋ/ /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?)
English (other) person bear, be born; live fresh, raw bear, be born; live

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 人 生 生
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 10800 11312 11322
Phonetic
component 		人 生 生
Rime
group 		眞 耕 耕
Rime
subdivision 		1 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		仁 生 生
Old
Chinese 		/*njin/ /*sʰleːŋ/ /*sreŋs/

Noun

人生

  1. life (i.e. human life) (Classifier: 段 m)
    人生的真諦／人生的真谛  ―  rénshēng de zhēndì  ―  the true meaning of life
    璀璨人生  ―  cuǐcàn rénshēng  ―  splendid life
    人生道理  ―  rénshēng dàolǐ  ―  philosophies of life
    懷疑人生／怀疑人生  ―  huáiyí rénshēng  ―  to want to give up on life
    人生的十字路口  ―  rénshēng de shízìlùkǒu  ―  crossroads of life
    科學的人生態度／科学的人生态度  ―  kēxué de rénshēng tàidù  ―  scientific attitude to life
    人生嘅真諦／人生嘅真谛 [Cantonese]  ―  jan4 sang1 ge3 zan1 dai3   ―  the true meaning of life
    人生永遠沒有太晚的開始。 [MSC, trad.]
    人生永远没有太晚的开始。 [MSC, simp.]
    Rénshēng yǒngyuǎn méiyǒu tài wǎn de kāishǐ.
    No beginning has ever been proved to be too late.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (人生):

See also

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
人 生
じん
Grade: 1 		せい
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 人生 (ȵiɪn ʃˠæŋ).

Pronunciation

Noun

人(じん)生(せい) • (jinsei) 

  1. life
    それが人生(じんせい)
    sore ga jinsei
    such is life
  2. Literally, person's past. Used when speaking about the former life of a dead person.

Usage notes

人生 is distinct from several other Japanese words that may also be translated to English as "life". In particular, it means "a person's narrative, experience, and/or accomplishments from birth to death". Compare the terms below, which may also be rendered as "life" in English:

  • 生活 (seikatsu, “life”): Day-to-day life as it is experienced; lifestyle; one's usual activities, habits, and routines.
  • 生存 (seizon, “life”): Action involved in staying alive, as in "signs of life".
  • 命 (inochi, “life”): The state of being alive, an animating force, or life as a whole (from birth to death).
  • 生命 (seimei, “life”): Biological life in general, particularly in scientific contexts.
  • 存在 (sonzai, “life”): Being; either the state of existing or a thing that exists.
  • 寿命 (jumyō, “life”): Lifespan or life expectancy.
  • 残機 (zanki, “life”): A video-game life; a chance to play.
  • 元気 (genki, “life”): Liveliness.

Derived terms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
人生

Noun

人生 • (insaeng) (hangeul 인생)

  1. hanja form? of 인생 (“life”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
人生

Noun

人生

  1. chữ Hán form of nhân sinh (“life”).
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