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See also:
U+4F10, 伐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F10

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order
0 strokes
Stroke order (Taiwan)
0 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人戈 (OI), four-corner 23250, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 439
  • Dae Jaweon: page 203, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 120, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+4F10

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𪜁 ancient

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation


Note:
  • huăk - literary;
  • puăk - vernacular (“to stride; step”).
Note:
  • hoa̍h - vernacular (“to step forward; step; classifier for footsteps”);
  • hoa̍t - literary.
Note:
  • huag8 - Shantou;
  • huêg8 - Chaozhou.
Note: 0va - yes/no question particle.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /fa³⁵/
Harbin /fa²⁴/
Tianjin /fɑ⁴⁵/
Jinan /fa⁴²/
Qingdao /fa⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fa⁴²/
Xi'an /fa²⁴/
Xining /fa²⁴/
Yinchuan /fa¹³/
Lanzhou /fa⁵³/
Ürümqi /fa⁵¹/
Wuhan /fa²¹³/
Chengdu /fa³¹/
Guiyang /fa²¹/
Kunming /fa̠³¹/
Nanjing /fɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /fɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /faʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /faʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /vaʔ¹/
Suzhou /vaʔ³/
Hangzhou /vɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /fa²²/
Tunxi /fuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /faʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fɑt̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚²/
Nanning /fat̚²²/
Hong Kong /fɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /huat̚⁵/
/huaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰuaʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /huak̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fak̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (3)
Final () (68)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter bjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bʉɐt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/bʷiɐt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/biuɐt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/buat̚/
Li
Rong
/biuɐt̚/
Wang
Li
/bĭwɐt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱi̯wɐt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
faat6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ bjot ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-pat/
English cut; strike; attack

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2859
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*bad/

Definitions

  1. to kill; to slaughter; to behead
  2. to hack; to fell; to cut down; to hew
  3. to knock; to strike; to hit
  4. to send troops to suppress; to attack
  5. to remove; to eliminate; to take away
  6. to damage; to harm; to endanger
  7. to defeat; to thwart
  8. to criticize; to blame
  9. (Chinese astronomy) the name of three stars in the Three Stars mansion: 42 Orionis, θ2 Orionis and ι Orionis
  10. ridge soil
  11. Alternative form of (, merit; achievement)
  12. to brag about (oneself); to flaunt
  13. Alternative form of (, shield)
  14. Alternative form of (, to punish)
  15. (Min) to stride; to take a stride; to step forward; to step over
  16. (Min) step; footstep; stride
  17. (Min) Classifier for footsteps: step
  18. (Wu) Alternative form of 𠲎 (0va, final interrogative particle on a yes/no question)
  19. (Wu) Alternative form of (not)
  20. Used in transcription.
    斯洛  ―  Sīluò  ―  Slovakia
    利亞利亚  ―  lìyà  ―  Bavaria
    威斯特利亞威斯特利亚  ―  Wēisītèlìyà  ―  Westphalia
      ―  dēng  ―  Leeuwarden
    皮埃爾·賴皮埃尔·赖  ―  Pí'āi'ěr Lài'ěr  ―  Pierre Laval
    樓拿楼拿  ―  lóuná  ―  Varuna
  21. a surname

Usage notes

In transcriptions of Buddhist terms, (MC bjot) is often used to transcribe (va).

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see 𠲎 (“final interrogative particle on a yes/no question.”).
(This character is a variant form of 𠲎).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“raft”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“contribution; family status; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of – see .
(This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 6

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“do not; don't; not; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to attack, to strike, to cut

Readings

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (chil beol))

  1. hanja form? of (to attack, to strike, to cut)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: phạt

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