伸

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伸 U+4F38, 伸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F38
← 伷
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 伹 →

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

伸 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人中田中 (OLWL), four-corner 25206, composition ⿰亻申)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 97, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 481
  • Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 133, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4F38

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 伸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 伸
s05824
Transcribed ancient scripts
L31183
L31184
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (申) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
電 *l'iːns
胂 *l̥ʰin, *hlin
申 *hlin
伸 *hlin
呻 *hlin
紳 *hlin
眒 *hlin, *hlins
柛 *hlin
訷 *hlin
抻 *hlins
神 *hlin
朄 *lins

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hlin) : semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 申 (OC *hlin).

Etymology

STEDT derives the word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsjan ~ *dzjan (“to stretch out”), and compares Burmese ဆင်း (hcang:, “idem”), though the Old Chinese reconstructions make this somewhat problematic.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhûn - vernacular;
  • sṳ̂n - literary.
Note:
  • chhun/chhng - vernacular;
  • sin - literary.
Note:
  • cung1 - vernacular;
  • sing1 - literary.
Rime
Character 伸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 失人切
Baxter syin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕin/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕin/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiĕn/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		san1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 伸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥i/
English stretch, extend

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 伸
Reading # 1/1
No. 11236
Phonetic
component 		申
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		申
Old
Chinese 		/*hlin/

Definitions

伸

  1. to extend; to stretch out
    伸長兩隻手／伸长两只手  ―  shēncháng liǎng zhī shǒu  ―  to extend two hands
  2. to report
  3. (Hakka, Hokkien) to be left; to remain
    Alternative forms: 剩, 賰／䞐, 偆, 存
  4. a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 剩 (“to be left; to remain”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 剩, 剩餘
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 剩
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 剩
Xi'an 剩
Southwestern Mandarin Guilin 剩
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 剩
Cantonese Guangzhou 剩
Hong Kong 剩
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 伸
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 伸
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 伸
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 伸
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 伸
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 伸
Southern Min Xiamen 伸
Quanzhou 偆
Zhangzhou 伸, 偆
Manila (Hokkien) 伸
Puning 存
Wu Shanghai 剩, 挺, 挺剩
Danyang 剩
Ningbo 剩

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

伸

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. lengthen

Readings

Compounds

Idioms

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
伸
しん
Grade: S
on'yomi

伸(しん) • (Shin) 

  1. a male given name

伸(のぶる) • (Noburu) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

伸 (eumhun 펼 신 (pyeol sin))

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Vietnamese

Han character

伸: Hán Nôm readings: thân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia