体操

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See also: 體操

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 体操 – see 體操 (“gymnastics”).
(This term is the simplified form of 體操).
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji in this term
体 操
たい
Grade: 2 		そう
Grade: 6
goon on'yomi
Alternative spelling
體操 (kyūjitai)
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Etymology

Apparently coined in Japanese from Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 体 (tai, “body”) +‎ 操 (sō, “control, manipulate”). First cited in education-related materials from the early Meiji Period in the early 1870s, as part of educational reforms that included the addition of physical education to school curricula.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

体(たい)操(そう) • (taisō) ←たいさう (taisau)?

  1. gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics
    テレビを見(み)ながら体操(たいそう)をする
    terebi o mi nagara taisō o suru
    do exercises while watching TV
  2. (archaic, education) physical education, PE (replaced by the term 体育 (taiiku))

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Indonesian: taiso

See also

Verb

体(たい)操(そう)する • (taisō suru) ←たいさう (taisau)?suru (stem 体(たい)操(そう)し (taisō shi), past 体(たい)操(そう)した (taisō shita))

  1. do gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics

Conjugation

Conjugation of "体操する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 体操し たいそうし taisō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 体操し たいそうし taisō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 体操する たいそうする taisō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 体操する たいそうする taisō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 体操すれ たいそうすれ taisō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 体操せよ¹
体操しろ² 		たいそうせよ¹
たいそうしろ² 		taisō seyo¹
taisō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 体操される たいそうされる taisō sareru
Causative 体操させる
体操さす 		たいそうさせる
たいそうさす 		taisō saseru
taisō sasu
Potential 体操できる たいそうできる taisō dekiru
Volitional 体操しよう たいそうしよう taisō shiyō
Negative 体操しない たいそうしない taisō shinai
Negative continuative 体操せず たいそうせず taisō sezu
Formal 体操します たいそうします taisō shimasu
Perfective 体操した たいそうした taisō shita
Conjunctive 体操して たいそうして taisō shite
Hypothetical conditional 体操すれば たいそうすれば taisō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ “体操”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
  3. ^ “体操”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  6. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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