保留

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Chinese

to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard
 
leave (message); to retain; to stay
leave (message); to retain; to stay; to remain; to keep; to preserve
 
trad. (保留) 保 留
simp. #(保留) 保 留

Pronunciation

Verb

保留 (transitive)

  1. to retain; to keep; to preserve; to hold back
    員工保留／员工保留  ―  yuángōng bǎoliú  ―  employee retention
  2. to reserve
    保留權利／保留权利  ―  bǎoliú quánlì  ―  to reserve a right
    保留意見／保留意见  ―  bǎoliú yìjiàn  ―  to reserve an opinion (i.e. to have reservations)
    賣肉的師傅毫不保留地講解讓刀飛快起來的磨刀妙招。 [MSC, trad.]
    卖肉的师傅毫不保留地讲解让刀飞快起来的磨刀妙招。 [MSC, simp.]
    Mài ròu de shīfù háobù bǎoliú de jiǎngjiě ràng dāo fēikuài qǐlái de módāo miàozhāo.
    The butcher explained without reservation how to sharpen a knife.
  3. to defer for future discussion
  4. to maintain (an original state)

Synonyms

  • (to retain):

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (保留):

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保 留
ほ
Grade: 5 		りゅう
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

保(ほ)留(りゅう) • (horyū) 

  1. hold, suspension

Verb

保(ほ)留(りゅう)する • (horyū suru) suru (stem 保(ほ)留(りゅう)し (horyū shi), past 保(ほ)留(りゅう)した (horyū shita))

  1. defer, suspend

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保留する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 保留し ほりゅうし horyū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 保留し ほりゅうし horyū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 保留する ほりゅうする horyū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 保留する ほりゅうする horyū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 保留すれ ほりゅうすれ horyū sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 保留せよ¹
保留しろ² 		ほりゅうせよ¹
ほりゅうしろ² 		horyū seyo¹
horyū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 保留される ほりゅうされる horyū sareru
Causative 保留させる
保留さす 		ほりゅうさせる
ほりゅうさす 		horyū saseru
horyū sasu
Potential 保留できる ほりゅうできる horyū dekiru
Volitional 保留しよう ほりゅうしよう horyū shiyō
Negative 保留しない ほりゅうしない horyū shinai
Negative continuative 保留せず ほりゅうせず horyū sezu
Formal 保留します ほりゅうします horyū shimasu
Perfective 保留した ほりゅうした horyū shita
Conjunctive 保留して ほりゅうして horyū shite
Hypothetical conditional 保留すれば ほりゅうすれば horyū sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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